ArticleCancers2021
Microfluidic-Assisted Preparation of Targeted pH-Responsive Polymeric Micelles Improves Gemcitabine Effectiveness in PDAC: In Vitro Insights.
Article in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physicochemical Aspects of Mixed Micelle Formation Between Amphiphilic Drugs and Surfactants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Nanoparticle based siRNA therapeutics for ovarian cancer overcoming drug resistance and future directions.Discover nano · 2026Review
- uPAR-directed immunotherapies in solid tumors: current advances and future perspectives.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- From Conventional to Next-Generation Strategies: Recent Advances in Polymeric Micelle Preparation for Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- For and against tumor microenvironment: Nanoparticle-based strategies for active cancer therapy.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Nanodrug Delivery Systems Production, Efficacy, Safety, and Toxicity.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Review
- Circulating extracellular vesicles are monitoring biomarkers of anti-PD1 response and enhancer of tumor progression and immunosuppression in metastatic melanoma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2023Article
- Review
- Quercetin and Its Nano-Formulations for Brain Tumor Therapy-Current Developments and Future Perspectives for Paediatric Studies.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Cervical cancer benefits from trabectedin combination with the β-blocker propranolol:Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- Combining 3D Printing and Microfluidic Techniques: A Powerful Synergy for Nanomedicine.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents a great challenge to the successful delivery of the anticancer drugs. The intrinsic characteristics of the PDAC microenvironment and drugs resistance make it suitable for therapeutic approaches with stimulus-responsive drug delivery systems (DDSs), such as pH, within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Moreover, the high expression of uPAR in PDAC can be exploited for a drug receptor-mediated active targeting strategy. Here, a pH-responsive and uPAR-targeted Gemcitabine (Gem) DDS, consisting of polymeric micelles (Gem@TpHResMic), was formulated by microfluidic technique to obtain a preparation characterized by a narrow size distribution, good colloidal stability, and high drug-encapsulation efficiency (EE%). The Gem@TpHResMic was able to perform a controlled Gem release in an acidic environment and to selectively target uPAR-expressing tumor cells. The Gem@TpHResMic displayed relevant cellular internalization and greater antitumor properties than free Gem in 2D and 3D models of pancreatic cancer, by generating massive damage to DNA, in terms of H2AX phosphorylation and apoptosis induction. Further investigation into the physiological model of PDAC, obtained by a co-culture of tumor spheroids and cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF), highlighted that the micellar system enhanced the antitumor potential of Gem, and was demonstrated to overcome the TME-dependent drug resistance. In vivo investigation is warranted to consider this new DDS as a new approach to overcome drug resistance in PDAC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.