ArticleiScience2022
ACE2 can act as the secondary receptor in the FcγR-dependent ADE of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article in iScience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- AXL mediates influenza A virus entry and drives virus-induced inflammation.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of antibody-dependent enhancement and its research progress in animal coronaviruses.Veterinary research · 2026Review
- Amphotericin B promotes respiratory viral entry by enhancing late endosomal maturation and fusion via glucocerebrosidase-mediated ceramide remodeling.Nature communications · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 antibody-dependent enhancement of infection depends on antibody binding to both ACE2 and Fc receptors.JCI insight · 2026Article
- B Cell Receptor's function in virus entry: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 B cell receptors can mediate viral entry in an ACE2-independent mechanism.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- FcγR-ACE2 cooperative antibody-dependent enhancement in human and veterinary coronaviruses: mechanistic insights, comparative immunology, and implications for nano-engineered immunomodulatory platforms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Antibody-dependent enhancement of SARS-CoV-2, the impact of variants and vaccination.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Low Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Viral Entry Activity Supports the Safety of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Neutralizing and enhancing monoclonal antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 convalescent patients: lessons from early variant infection and impact on shaping emerging variants.Emerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- The antibodies against the A137R protein drive antibody-dependent enhancement of African swine fever virus infection in porcine alveolar macrophages.Emerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- A novel method of Francisella infection of epithelial cells using HeLa cells expressing fc gamma receptor.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Current development of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 neutralizing antibodies (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2024Review
- SLC38A9 regulates SARS-CoV-2 viral entry.iScience · 2024Article
- Have Previous COVID-19 Vaccinations Shaped the Potential Enhancing Infection of Variant Strains?Vaccines · 2024Article
- Nanoparticle vaccines based on the receptor binding domain of porcine deltacoronavirus elicit robust protective immune responses in mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Prior COVID-19 Immunization Does Not Cause IgA- or IgG-Dependent Enhancement of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Spike mutation resilient scFv76 antibody counteracts SARS-CoV-2 lung damage upon aerosol delivery.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2023Article
- Multifaceted roles of Fcγ receptors in COVID-19 and vaccine responses.American journal of translational research · 2023Review
- Pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitors to combat COVID-19 and other emerging coronavirus infectious diseases.Journal of medical virology · 2023Review
- Protective roles and protective mechanisms of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 infection and their potential clinical implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is unknown whether antibody-mediated enhancement (ADE) contributes to the pathogenesis of COVID-19, and the conditions for ADE needs to be elucidated. We demonstrated that without inducing an ACE2-independent ADE on Raji cells, the neutralizing antibody CB6, a mouse anti-S1 serum and convalescent plasma, induced ADE on cells expressing FcγRIIA/CD32A and low levels of endogenous ACE2. ADE occurred at sub-neutralizing antibody concentrations, indicating that unneutralized S protein was required for ADE. The enhanced infectivity of 614G variant was higher than that of 614D wildtype in the presence of antibodies, further suggesting that ADE may be influenced by virus strains with different ACE2-binding affinity. Finally, knockdown of ACE2 or treatment with a fusion-inhibition peptide EK1C4 significantly reduced ADE. In conclusion, we identified an ADE mechanism mediated by neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. ACE2 may act as a secondary receptor required for the antibody- and FcγR-mediated enhanced entry of SARS-CoV-2.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.