ArticleOncoimmunology2022
Landscape of cancer-associated fibroblasts identifies the secreted biglycan as a protumor and immunosuppressive factor in triple-negative breast cancer.
Article in Oncoimmunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- The entanglement of extracellular matrix molecules and immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer: a systematic review of the literature.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Biglycan knockdown improves Graves' orbitopathy (GO)-like features via inhibiting NF-kB and ERK signaling.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Single-cell profiling reveals a novel CAF subpopulation linking stromal heterogeneity to immune suppression in breast cancer subtypes.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- BGN/MDK Axis in the Melanoma Tumor Microenvironment Strengthens Tumor Malignancy by Modulating Cancer Cells and Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Crosstalk.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Article
- Enhancer-mediated NR2F2 recruitment activates BGN to promote tumor growth and shape tumor microenvironment in papillary thyroid cancer.Theranostics · 2026Article
- A Metastasis-competent CAF Subpopulation Defined byRecent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery · 2026Article
- BGN Secreted by Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Promotes Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression via Activation of TLR4-Mediated Erk and NF-κB Signaling Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Proteoglycans in Breast Cancer: Friends and Foes.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Crosstalk between heterogeneous cancer-associated fibroblast subpopulations and the immune system in breast cancer: key players and promising therapeutic targets.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Review
- Multi-omics analyses of the heterogenous immune microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer implicate UQCRFS1 potentiates tumor progression.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Article
- ExosomalIranian journal of public health · 2025Article
- The importance of biglycan, decorin and TGF-1 levels in the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer.Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers · 2025Article
- Article
- Using Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts as a Shear-Wave Elastography Imaging Biomarker to Predict Anti-PD-1 Efficacy of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Study on the mechanism of BGN in progression and metastasis of ccRCC.BMC medical genomics · 2025Article
- Tumor cell-derived EMP1 is essential for cancer-associated fibroblast infiltration in tumor microenvironment of triple-negative breast cancer.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- S100A13-driven interaction between pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes tumor progression through calcium signaling.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Construction of a stromal cell-related prognostic signature based on a 101-combination machine learning framework for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in triple-negative breast cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Unraveling the Mystery of Breast Cancer Dormancy: Insights into Genetic, Receptor, and Cellular Interactions Driving Late Recurrence.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are essential for tumor microenvironment remodeling and correlate with tumor progression. However, interactions between CAFs and tumor cells and immune cells in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are still poorly explored. Here, we investigate the role of CAFs in TNBC and potential novel mediators of their functions. The clustering of classic markers was applied to estimate the relative abundance of CAFs in TNBC cohorts. Primary fibroblasts were isolated from normal and tumor samples. The RNA and culture medium of fibroblasts were subjected to RNA sequencing and mass spectrometry to explore the upregulated signatures in CAFs. Microdissection and single-cell RNA sequencing datasets were used to examine the expression profiles. CAFs were associated with hallmark signalings and immune components in TNBC. Clustering based on CAF markers in the literature revealed different CAF infiltration groups in TNBC: low, medium and high. Most of the cancer hallmark signaling pathways were enriched in the high CAF infiltration group. Furthermore, RNA sequencing and mass spectrometry identified biglycan (BGN), a soluble secreted protein, as upregulated in CAFs compared to normal cancer-adjacent fibroblasts (NAFs). The expression of biglycan was negatively correlated with CD8 + T cells. Biglycan indicated poor prognostic outcomes and might be correlated with the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). In conclusion, CAFs play an essential role in tumor progression and the TME. We identified an extracellular protein, biglycan, as a prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target in TNBC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.