Trial reportJournal of advanced research2022
Cartilage degeneration is associated with activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in a growing rat experimental model of developmental trochlear dysplasia.
Trial report in Journal of advanced research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ultrasonography allows for a safe and early diagnosis of patellofemoral dysplasia in newborns: a prospective study.Musculoskeletal surgery · 2026Article
- Trochlear dysplasia is associated with distal patellar fracture.Bone & joint open · 2026Article
- Three-dimensionally-printed biphasic PCL/Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Article
- Abnormal mechanical stress due to excessive femoral torsion is associated with dysplasia of the distal femoral epiphyseal plate and trochlea.Bone & joint research · 2025Article
- Deferoxamine improves femoral trochlear dysplasia following patellar dislocation through HIF-1α/VEGF-mediated angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Effects of Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins on Cadmium-Induced Extracellular Matrix Damage via Inhibiting the ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway in Chicken Chondrocytes.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Multi-Omics insights into the molecular mechanisms of trochlear dysplasia: A proteomic and metabolomic study in rats.PloS one · 2025Article
- Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of FSGTC for Osteoarthritis: A Comprehensive Study Combining Nested Case Analysis, Network Pharmacology, and Experimental Validation.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Early Identification and Treatment of Trochlear Knee Dysplasia.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- The Mechanism and Role of ADAMTS Protein Family in Osteoarthritis.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- RNA-seq based integrative analysis of potential crucial genes and pathways associated with patellar instability.Bioengineered · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Trochlear dysplasia is a commonly encountered lower extremity deformity in humans. However, the molecular mechanism of cartilage degeneration in trochlear dysplasia is unclear thus far. Objectives: The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is known to be important for regulating the pathophysiology of cartilage degeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway with trochlear dysplasia cartilage degeneration. Methods: In total, 120 female Sprague-Dawley rats (4 weeks of age) were randomly separated into control and experimental groups. Distal femurs were isolated from the experimental group at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery; they were isolated from the control group at the same time points. Micro-computed tomography and histological examination were performed to investigate trochlear anatomy and changes in trochlear cartilage. Subsequently, expression patterns of PI3K/AKT, TGFβ1, and ADAMTS-4 in cartilage were investigated by immunohistochemistry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: In the experimental group, the trochlear dysplasia model was successfully established at 8 weeks after surgery. Moreover, cartilage degeneration was observed beginning at 8 weeks after surgery, with higher protein and mRNA expression levels of PI3K/AKT, TGFβ1, and ADAMTS-4, relative to the control group. Conclusion: Patellar instability might lead to trochlear dysplasia in growing rats. Moreover, trochlear dysplasia may cause patellofemoral osteoarthritis; cartilage degeneration in trochlear dysplasia might be associated with activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. These results provide insights regarding the high incidence of osteoarthritis in patients with trochlear dysplasia. However, more research is needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.