ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021
Extracellular CIRP Induces Macrophage Extracellular Trap Formation
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Zinc-Containing Bioactive Glass Programs Macrophage Polarization through Extracellular Traps Regulation for Enhanced Diabetic Wound Healing.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Ionizing Radiation Induces Extracellular Trap Release from Macrophages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Ghrelin mitigates partial body irradiation-induced gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome by promoting intestinal stem cell regeneration.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Disulfiram as an anti-inflammatory agent: mechanisms, nano-delivery strategies, and applications in non-oncologic diseases.RSC advances · 2025Review
- HMGB1 Derived from the Pyroptotic Microenvironment Promotes Macrophage Extracellular Traps in Hirschsprung-Associated Enterocolitis.Advanced biology · 2025Article
- Extracellular Cold-Inducible RNA-Binding Protein: Progress from Discovery to Present.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The dynamic roles of macrophages extracellular traps (METs) in immune regulation.Archives of pharmacal research · 2025Review
- Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein in CNS injury: molecular insights and therapeutic approaches.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Review
- Molecular and subcellular mechanisms of vital macrophage extracellular trap formation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Early responses of primary human and bovine monocytes, monocytic THP-1 cells and THP-1 cell-derived macrophages to vitalFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Necroptosis enhances 'don't eat me' signal and induces macrophage extracellular traps to promote pancreatic cancer liver metastasis.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Emerging insights into macrophage extracellular traps in bacterial infections.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2024Review
- Associations of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein with bacterial load, proinflammatory cytokines and mortality from pneumonia.Clinical and translational science · 2024Article
- Micro- and Macrovascular Effects of Inflammation in Peripheral Artery Disease-Pathophysiology and Translational Therapeutic Approaches.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Review
- Pharmacological Inhibition of Gasdermin D Suppresses Angiotensin II-Induced Experimental Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- The Role of Myeloperoxidase in Clozapine-Induced Inflammation: A Mechanistic Update for Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Agranulocytosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The immune suppressive properties of damage associated molecular patterns in the setting of sterile traumatic injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Chromatin-Associated Molecular Patterns (CAMPs) in sepsis.Cell death & disease · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP) is a damage-associated molecular pattern promoting inflammation and tissue injury. During bacterial or viral infection, macrophages release DNA decorated with nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins known as macrophage extracellular traps (METs). Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is a pore-forming protein that has been involved in extracellular trap formation in neutrophils. We hypothesized that eCIRP induces MET formation by activating GSDMD. Human monocytic cell line THP-1 cells were differentiated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and treated with recombinant murine (rm) CIRP. The MET formation was detected by three methods: time-lapse fluorescence microscopy (video imaging), colorimetry, and ELISA. Cleaved forms of GSDMD, and caspase-1 were detected by Western blotting. Treatment of THP-1 cells with rmCIRP increased MET formation as revealed by SYTOX Orange Staining assay in a time- and dose-dependent manner. METs formed by rmCIRP stimulation were further confirmed by extracellular DNA, citrullinated histone H3, and myeloperoxidase. Treatment of THP-1 cells with rmCIRP significantly increased the cleaved forms of caspase-1 and GSDMD compared to PBS-treated cells. Treatment of macrophages with caspase-1, and GSDMD inhibitors z-VAD-fmk, and disulfiram, separately, significantly decreased rmCIRP-induced MET formation. We also confirmed rmCIRP-induced MET formation using primary cells murine peritoneal macrophages. These data clearly show that eCIRP serves as a novel inducer of MET formation through the activation of GSDMD and caspase-1.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.