Trial reportNeuropsychiatric disease and treatment2021
Fluoxetine May Enhance VEGF, BDNF and Cognition in Patients with Vascular Cognitive Impairment No Dementia: An Open-Label Randomized Clinical Study.
Trial report in Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurotrophin System Alterations Associated with Neurotoxicity Accompanied by Carotid Artery Diseases-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Astrocyte Autophagy in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Progress in Mechanisms and Therapeutics.Neurochemical research · 2025Review
- Impact of Vitamin D Status and Supplementation on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Mood-Cognitive Outcomes: A Structured Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- The role of VEGF in vascular dementia: impact of aging and cellular senescence.Biogerontology · 2025Review
- Antidepressant use and cognitive decline in patients with dementia: a national cohort study.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Systemic Modulators: Potential Mechanism for the 5-HT System to Mediate Exercise Amelioration in Alzheimer's Disease.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Processing Speed and Attentional Shift/Mental Flexibility in Patients with Stroke: A Comprehensive Review on the Trail Making Test in Stroke Studies.Neurology international · 2024Review
- Understanding the genetic mechanisms and cognitive impairments in Down syndrome: towards a holistic approach.Journal of neurology · 2024Review
- The multifaceted effects of fluoxetine treatment on cognitive functions.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- ATM rules neurodevelopment and glutamatergic transmission in the hippocampus but not in the cortex.Cell death & disease · 2022Article
- Letter to the Editor Regarding "Fluoxetine May Enhance VEGF, BDNF and Cognition in Patients with Vascular Cognitive Impairment No Dementia: An Open-Label Randomized Clinical Study" [Letter].Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2022Article
- Advances in pharmacotherapy for vascular cognitive impairment and vascular dementia: An update of 2025.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) enhance angiogenesis and neurogenesis. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) play an important role in neurogenesis and angiogenesis. However, the effect of SSRIs on cognition and serum BDNF and VEGF in patients with vascular cognitive impairment no dementia (VCIND) is largely unknown. PATIENTS AND
methodsIt was an open label study. Fifty VCIND patients were randomly allocated to receive fluoxetine (20 mg/d; n = 25) or no fluoxetine (control group; n = 25) for 12 weeks. VCIND patients received fluoxetine 20 mg/d and secondary prevention of stroke for 12 weeks in the fluoxetine group, whereas the control group received only secondary prevention of stroke for 12 weeks. The primary outcome and secondary outcome were of assessment of Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) score, Ten Point Clock drawing test score (TPC), Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), Trail Making Test form a (TMTa), Trail Making Test form b (TMTb) and Digit Span Test score at baseline and week 12 in the both groups. And serum concentration of BDNF and VEGF was also tested at baseline and week 12 in both groups.
resultsAfter 12 weeks, TPC scores increased more significantly in the fluoxetine group than in the control group, while TMTa score and TMTb score were decreased more significantly in the fluoxetine group than in the control group. We also found that the serum concentration of BDNF and VEGF in the fluoxetine group increased more significantly than in the control group. However, we found no significant differences in mean change from baseline between fluoxetine and control group in ADAS-Cog score, Digit Span Test score and VFT score.
conclusionFluoxetine may enhance cognition in certain cognitive domains and serum concentration of BDNF and VEGF in patients with VCIND.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.