SynthesisAllergy2022
Allergen immunotherapy and/or biologicals for IgE-mediated food allergy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Allergy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06328504 (Efficacy of Cashew Nut Protein Immunotherapy), which is not on this map. Cited by 61 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy of Cashew Nut Protein Immunotherapy
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 134 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Management of IgE-Mediated and Non-IgE-Mediated Food Allergies: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence and Clinical Implications.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Oral Immunotherapy Effect on Food Allergy-Related Quality of Life.Allergy · 2025Pooled it
- From Skin to Solution: Exploring Epicutaneous Immunotherapy for Peanut Allergy-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Oral immunotherapy for Immunoglobulin E-mediated cow's milk allergy in children: A systematic review and meta analysis.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2022Pooled it
- Allergen immunotherapy and/or biologicals for IgE-mediated food allergy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Allergy · 2022Pooled it
- Safety of a novel oral immunotherapy approach in preschool children with single and multiple food allergies.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Trial
- Pragmatic Low-Dose Oral Immunotherapy for Preschool Children With Peanut Allergy: A Randomised Controlled Trial.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2025Trial
- Sesame Immunotherapy: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis.Clinical and translational allergy · 2026Review
- CaClinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology · 2026Article
- Oral immunotherapy for peanut allergy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Real-life safety of peanut oral immunotherapy: Results from a French multicenter observational study.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2026Article
- Oral Immunotherapy-Induced Changes in IgE, IgG, and IgA: A Review of Antibody Isotype Shifts and Their Clinical Relevance in Food Allergy.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Sublingual Immunotherapy for Food Allergy: Updates in Safety, Efficacy, and Future Considerations.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2026Review
- Longitudinal basophil activation testing for assessing response to low-dose initiation, slow-escalation peanut oral immunotherapy in patients with high Ara h 2-sIgE.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Article
- The Potential Link Between Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Food Allergy: Inflammatory Pathogenesis and Management.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Modulating the Allergen-Specific Immune Response to Achieve Remission of Food Allergy Through Oral Immunotherapy.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Children Allergic to Peanut and/or Tree Nuts Are at Risk of Accidental Allergic Reactions.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy in Peanut Allergy: The Present and the Future.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2025Article
- Predictors of Long-Term Desensitization in Children Treated with Oral Immunotherapy for Food Allergy: A Real-World Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Biologics in IgE-mediated food allergy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventional studies.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2025Review
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
24 authors at 20 institutions in 12 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is substantial interest in immunotherapy and biologicals in IgE-mediated food allergy.
methodsWe searched six databases for randomized controlled trials about immunotherapy alone or with biologicals (to April 2021) or biological monotherapy (to September 2021) in food allergy confirmed by oral food challenge. We pooled the data using random-effects meta-analysis.
resultsWe included 36 trials about immunotherapy with 2126 mainly child participants. Oral immunotherapy increased tolerance whilst on therapy for peanut (RR 9.9, 95% CI 4.5.-21.4, high certainty); cow's milk (RR 5.7, 1.9-16.7, moderate certainty) and hen's egg allergy (RR 8.9, 4.4-18, moderate certainty). The number needed to treat to increase tolerance to a single dose of 300 mg or 1000 mg peanut protein was 2. Oral immunotherapy did not increase adverse reactions (RR 1.1, 1.0-1.2, low certainty) or severe reactions in peanut allergy (RR 1,6, 0.7-3.5, low certainty), but may increase (mild) adverse reactions in cow's milk (RR 3.9, 2.1-7.5, low certainty) and hen's egg allergy (RR 7.0, 2.4-19.8, moderate certainty). Epicutaneous immunotherapy increased tolerance whilst on therapy for peanut (RR 2.6, 1.8-3.8, moderate certainty). Results were unclear for other allergies and administration routes. There were too few trials of biologicals alone (3) or with immunotherapy (1) to draw conclusions.
conclusionsOral immunotherapy improves tolerance whilst on therapy and is probably safe in peanut, cow's milk and hen's egg allergy. More research is needed about quality of life, cost and biologicals.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.