ReviewJournal of neurology2022
Towards consensus on visual pursuit and visual fixation in patients with disorders of consciousness. A Delphi study.
Review in Journal of neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Consensus on covert awareness: a Delphi study.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Prevalence of the Minimally Conscious State Among Institutionalized Patients in the Netherlands: A Nationwide Study.Neurology · 2023Article
- Utility of a Modified Penlight-Cover Test for Neurolocalization of Lesions Based on Visual Suppression of Nystagmus in Dogs and Cats With Vestibular Disease.Journal of veterinary internal medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe aim of this Delphi study was to reach consensus about definition, operationalization and assessment of visual pursuit (VP) and visual fixation (VF).
methodsIn a three-round international Delphi study, clinical and research experts on disorders of consciousness indicated their level of agreement on 87 statements using a 5-point Likert scale. Consensus for agreement was defined by a median of 5, an interquartile range (IQR) ≤ 1, and ≥ 80% indicating moderate or strong agreement.
resultsForty-three experts from three continents participated, 32 completed all three rounds. For VP, the consensus statements with the highest levels of agreement were on the term 'pursuit of a visual stimulus', the description 'ability to follow visually in horizontal and/or vertical plane', a duration > 2 s, tracking in horizontal and vertical planes, and a frequency of more than 2 times per assessment. For VF, consensus statements with the highest levels of agreement were on the term 'sustained VF', the description 'sustained fixation in response to a salient stimulus', a duration of > 2 s and a frequency of 2 or more times per assessment. The assessment factors with the highest levels of agreement were personalized stimuli, the use of eye tracking technology, a patient dependent time of assessment, sufficient environmental light, upright posture, and the necessity to exclude ocular/oculomotor problems.
conclusionThis first international Delphi study on VP and VF in patients with disorders of consciousness provides provisional operational definitions and an overview of the most relevant assessment factors.
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