Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34999964›Full record

ArticleJournal of anesthesia2022

Neurological sedative indicators during general anesthesia with remimazolam.

Kazuhiro Shirozu, Keiko Nobukuni, Shota Tsumura, Kazuya Imura, Kosuke Nakashima, Shinnosuke Takamori, Midoriko Higashi, Ken Yamaura

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of anesthesia, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
66citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

66 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kazuhiro ShirozuDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan. shirozu.kazuhiro.334@m.kyushu-u.ac.jp.ORCID 0000-0003-2290-3764
Keiko NobukuniOperating Rooms, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
Shota TsumuraDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
Kazuya ImuraDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
Kosuke NakashimaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
Shinnosuke TakamoriDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
Midoriko HigashiDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Ken YamauraDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe bispectral index (BIS) value during general anesthesia with the newly developed anesthetic remimazolam is reported to be relatively high; however, the reason for this and the appropriate indicator for assessing the sedation level during remimazolam anesthesia have not been determined. In this study, the level of sedation during general anesthesia with remimazolam was evaluated using several different indicators.

methodsThirty patients who underwent breast surgery under general anesthesia with remimazolam were included. BIS®, Sedline® and the pupil resting diameters were measured simultaneously. The intraoperative dose of remimazolam was adjusted to obtain a BIS in the range of 40-60; if a BIS < 60 could not be achieved, the intraoperative dose was increased up to the maximal dose of 2 mg/kg/h.

resultsThe mean intraoperative BIS and patient state index (PSI) in all patients was 50.6 ± 9.1 and 43.0 ± 11.8, respectively. Five patients showed a mean intraoperative BIS > 60 and eight patients showed mean intraoperative PSI > 50. The mean intraoperative spectral edge frequency (SEF) of BIS® or Sedline® was 15.3 ± 2.5 Hz or 10.6 ± 3.0 Hz, each. The mean intraoperative resting pupil diameter was 1.7 ± 0.2 mm. There were no patients with awareness during anesthesia.

conclusionsProcessed electroencephalograms (BIS and PSI), and SEF of BIS® were relatively high during anesthesia with remimazolam, but SEF of Sedline® or pupillary diameter could be a supportive indicator to confirm sedation level during remimazolam anesthesia.

Indexed as

AnestheticsHypnotics and SedativesAnesthesia, GeneralBenzodiazepinesElectroencephalographyHumansAnestheticsBenzodiazepinesHypnotics and SedativesremimazolamAnesthesiaBispectral indexPatient state indexPupil reflexRemimazolam

Identifiers

PMID34999964

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.