ArticleCell death and differentiation2022
Site-specific ubiquitination of MLKL targets it to endosomes and targets Listeria and Yersinia to the lysosomes.
Article in Cell death and differentiation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- E3 ubiquitin ligase-mediated necroptosis: regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic implication in cancer.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Ubiquitination and autophagy in host-pathogen interactions: from immune surveillance to therapeutic targeting.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Regulated necrosis at the crossroads of liver inflammation and cancer development.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Targeting MLKL-Driven Necroptosis: A Therapeutic Target in Inflammation and Host Defense.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- USP39 inhibits MLKL phosphorylation and deubiquitination to suppress necroptosis of nucleus pulposus cells and attenuate intervertebral disc degeneration.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Article
- Necroptosis in cancer: insight from epigenetic, post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Keratinocyte necroptosis promotes the progression of radiation-induced oral mucositis.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein in liver diseases: Cell-type-specific functions and dual roles.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- The Role of Post-Translational Modifications in Necroptosis.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- For Better or Worse: Type I Interferon Responses in Bacterial Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- MLKL-USP7-UBA52 signaling is indispensable for autophagy in brain through maintaining ubiquitin homeostasis.Autophagy · 2025Article
- Mediators of necroptosis: from cell death to metabolic regulation.EMBO molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- A common human MLKL polymorphism confers resistance to negative regulation by phosphorylation.Nature communications · 2023Article
- The Many Faces of MLKL, the Executor of Necroptosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Role of necroptosis in kidney health and disease.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2023Review
- Article
- Progress in study on the final executor of necroptosis MLKL and its inhibitors.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2023Article
- MLKL post-translational modifications: road signs to infection, inflammation and unknown destinations.Cell death and differentiation · 2023Review
- Regulation of apoptosis by ubiquitination in liver cancer.American journal of cancer research · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Phosphorylation of the pseudokinase mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) by the protein kinase RIPK3 targets MLKL to the cell membrane, where it triggers necroptotic cell death. We report that conjugation of K63-linked polyubiquitin chains to distinct lysine residues in the N-terminal HeLo domain of phosphorylated MLKL (facilitated by the ubiquitin ligase ITCH that binds MLKL via a WW domain) targets MLKL instead to endosomes. This results in the release of phosphorylated MLKL within extracellular vesicles. It also prompts enhanced endosomal trafficking of intracellular bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes and Yersinia enterocolitica to the lysosomes, resulting in decreased bacterial yield. Thus, MLKL can be directed by specific covalent modifications to differing subcellular sites, whence it signals either for cell death or for non-deadly defense mechanisms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.