ArticleInflammation2022
Activation of C3 and C5 May Be Involved in the Inflammatory Progression of PCM and GM.
Article in Inflammation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting the C3 signaling axis of the complement system: immune microenvironment regulation and emerging therapeutic strategies for glioblastoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Granulomatous mastitis: from localized inflammation to systemic immune-mediated disorder.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals the Immune Landscape of Granulomatous Mastitis.Inflammation · 2025Article
- Research Progress of Plasma Cell Mastitis.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Review
- A cohort study of prolactin and non-puerperal mastitis using real world data.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Immune imbalance and autoimmune mechanisms in plasma cell mastitis: current perspectives.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Article
- Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: Immune-Pathogen Imbalance in a Treatment-Resistant Benign Inflammatory Disease.International journal of women's health · 2025Review
- Risk factor analysis and development of a nomogram prediction model for Plasma Cell Mastitis.PloS one · 2025Article
- Quantitative assessment of redness in Asian patients with recurrent blepharitis: the utility of cross-polarized light.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Immune Markers and Inflammatory Cytokines in Granulomatous Lobular Mastitis: A Case-Control Study.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
- Immune regulation: a new strategy for traditional Chinese medicine-based treatment of granulomatous lobular mastitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Novel insights: crosstalk with non-puerperal mastitis and immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- LC/MS-based untargeted lipidomics reveals lipid signatures of nonpuerperal mastitis.Lipids in health and disease · 2023Article
- Protein Expression Profiles in Exosomes of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cell Line MAC-T Infected with Staphylococcus aureus.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Plasma cell mastitis (PCM) and granulomatous mastitis (GM) are the most common inflammatory diseases constituting nonbacterial mastitis (NBM). However, the pathogenesis of NBM remains unclear. In this study, risk factors for NBM were assessed, as well as the pathological features of PCM and GM. The levels of C3/C3a-C3aR and C5/C5a-C5aR1 of tissues were detected by IHC and WB. Exosomes were isolated from serum and identified by transmission electron microscopy. Then, C3 and C5 levels were detected in peripheral blood, and exosomes were assessed by flow cytometry and immunoelectron microscopy. Obesity and prolonged lactation were risk factors for NBM. The infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes around the dilated catheter in PCM and the formation of granulomatous structures in GM were the respective pathological features. C3/C3a-C3aR and C5/C5a-C5aR1 levels were elevated in PCM and GM tissue samples. There were no differences in peripheral blood levels of C3 and C5, while C3a and C5a were highly expressed in exosomes. These results suggest that the complement family is activated in PCM and GM, exosomes enrich C3a and C5a, and mediate the spread of inflammation. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of PCM and GM and identify therapeutic targets.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.