ReviewJournal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle2022
Skeletal muscle alterations in patients with acute Covid-19 and post-acute sequelae of Covid-19.
Review in Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 134 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
134 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and prognosis of sarcopenia in acute COVID-19 and long COVID: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Systematic Review of COVID-19-Related Physical Activity-Based Rehabilitations: Benefits to Be Confirmed by More Robust Methodological Approaches.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Physiological factors affecting the mechanical performance of peripheral muscles: A perspective for long COVID patients through a systematic literature review.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Pooled it
- Exercise-Based Rehabilitation in Severe COVID-19 Survivors with Long COVID: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Trial
- Resistance Exercise Therapy After COVID-19 Infection: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Effects of a symptom-titrated exercise program on fatigue and quality of life in people with post-COVID condition - a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Functional Limitations and Exercise Intolerance in Patients With Post-COVID Condition: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Dysphagia Phenotypes in COVID-19 Pneumonia Versus Aspiration Pneumonia: A Retrospective Quantitative Videofluoroscopic Cohort Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Persistence of fatigue in the absence of pathophysiological mechanisms in some patients more than 2 years after the original SARS-CoV-2 infection.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Myopathies in clinical care: a focus on treatable causes.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Body composition and dyslipidemia in postmenopausal medical workers: a cross-sectional study.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Post-COVID-19 Muscle Weakness and Recovery Patterns After Mild-to-Moderate Infection: A Retrospective Analysis of a Structured Rehabilitation Program Using the MRC Scale.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- COVID-19 multi-omics reveal organ-specific responses and biomarkers.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Fecal short-chain fatty acids and serum metabolites: the impact of COVID-19 infection on dialysis patients.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Targeting dyspnoea through exercise intensity: insights from pulmonary rehabilitation and beyond, a narrative review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Clarifying the Diagnosis of Epstein-Barr Virus Related Myositis in a Genetically Confirmed Mitochondrial Diabetes Patient.European journal of case reports in internal medicine · 2026Article
- Physical activity during COVID-19 pandemic: A 5-year retrospect.Sports medicine and health science · 2025Review
- Persistent neuromuscular disorders associated with changes in tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius lateralis muscle architecture in long-covid: an observational longitudinal study.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Skeletal muscle-related symptoms are common in both acute coronavirus disease (Covid)-19 and post-acute sequelae of Covid-19 (PASC). In this narrative review, we discuss cellular and molecular pathways that are affected and consider these in regard to skeletal muscle involvement in other conditions, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, critical illness myopathy, and post-viral fatigue syndrome. Patients with severe Covid-19 and PASC suffer from skeletal muscle weakness and exercise intolerance. Histological sections present muscle fibre atrophy, metabolic alterations, and immune cell infiltration. Contributing factors to weakness and fatigue in patients with severe Covid-19 include systemic inflammation, disuse, hypoxaemia, and malnutrition. These factors also contribute to post-intensive care unit (ICU) syndrome and ICU-acquired weakness and likely explain a substantial part of Covid-19-acquired weakness. The skeletal muscle weakness and exercise intolerance associated with PASC are more obscure. Direct severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 viral infiltration into skeletal muscle or an aberrant immune system likely contribute. Similarities between skeletal muscle alterations in PASC and chronic fatigue syndrome deserve further study. Both SARS-CoV-2-specific factors and generic consequences of acute disease likely underlie the observed skeletal muscle alterations in both acute Covid-19 and PASC.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.