Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34997268›Full record

ArticleLung2022

Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Combined Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema in the IPF-PRO Registry.

Hyun J Kim, Laurie D Snyder, Megan L Neely, Anne S Hellkamp, David L Hotchkin, Lake D Morrison, Shaun Bender, Thomas B Leonard, Daniel A Culver, IPF-PRO™ Registry investigators

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Lung, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01915511 (Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Prospective Outcomes), which is not on this map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01915511 recruitingnot on this map

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Prospective Outcomes (IPF-PRO) and Interstitial Lung Disease Prospective Outcomes (IPF-PRO/ILD-PRO) Registry

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorDuke UniversityRan2014 to 2031Enrolled3,000ConditionsIdiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Interstitial Lung Disease
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Comorbidities in clinical cohorts of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Lung transplantation for interstitial lung disease.Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2025
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Observational
  10. Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Hyun J KimUniversity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. kimxx015@umn.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-7986-7798
Laurie D SnyderDuke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA.
Megan L NeelyDuke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA.
Anne S HellkampDuke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA.
David L HotchkinDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, The Oregon Clinic, Portland, OR, USA.
Lake D MorrisonDuke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
Shaun BenderBoehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Ridgefield, CT, USA.
Thomas B LeonardBoehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Ridgefield, CT, USA.
Daniel A CulverCleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
IPF-PRO™ Registry investigators
Clinical Research Institute · USBoehringer Ingelheim (United States) · USCleveland Clinic · USDuke Medical Center · USOregon Clinic · USUniversity of Minnesota · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo assess the impact of concomitant emphysema on outcomes in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

methodsThe IPF-PRO Registry is a US registry of patients with IPF. The presence of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) at enrollment was determined by investigators' review of an HRCT scan. Associations between emphysema and clinical outcomes were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models.

resultsOf 934 patients, 119 (12.7%) had CPFE. Compared with patients with IPF alone, patients with CPFE were older (median 72 vs 70 years); higher proportions were current/former smokers (88.2% vs 63.7%), used oxygen with activity (49.6% vs 31.9%) or at rest (30.8% vs 18.4%), had congestive heart failure (13.6% vs 4.8%) and had prior respiratory hospitalization (25.0% vs 16.7%); they had higher FVC (median 71.8 vs 69.4% predicted) and lower DLco (median 35.3 vs 43.6% predicted). In patients with CPFE and IPF alone, respectively, at 1 year, rates of death or lung transplant were 17.5% (95% CI: 11.7, 25.8) and 11.2% (9.2, 13.6) and rates of hospitalization were 21.6% (14.6, 29.6) and 20.6% (17.9, 23.5). There were no significant associations between emphysema and any outcome after adjustment for baseline variables. No baseline variable predicted outcomes better in IPF alone than in CPFE.

conclusionApproximately 13% of patients in the IPF-PRO Registry had CPFE. Physiologic characteristics and comorbidities of patients with CPFE differed from those of patients with IPF alone, but the presence of emphysema did not drive outcomes after adjustment for baseline covariates.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01915511; registered August 5, 2013.

Indexed as

EmphysemaIdiopathic Pulmonary FibrosisPulmonary EmphysemaHumansRegistriesRetrospective StudiesHospitalizationInterstitial lung diseaseMortalityPulmonary fibrosisRespiratory function tests

Identifiers

PMID34997268
PMCPMC8881259
OpenAlexW4205344423

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.