Observational studyBMC cardiovascular disorders2022
Comparison of GRACE and TIMI risk scores in the prediction of in-hospital and long-term outcomes among East Asian non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients.
Observational study in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Machine Learning-Based Risk Prediction of In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome at Various Stages of the Diagnostic Process: Observational Study.JMIR medical informatics · 2026Observational
- Application of HEART, GRACE 2.0 and TIMI scores for risk stratification of chest pain: a single-centre external pilot study in a Sri Lankan population.International journal of emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Machine learning redevelopment of GRACE, ACEF, and TIMI scores for 6-month mortality.Frontiers in artificial intelligence · 2026Article
- Prognostic value of GRACE and EDACS scores in non-STEMI patients presenting to the emergency department.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2026Article
- Combined Triglyceride-Glucose and Triglyceride-Glucose-Body Mass Index with B-Type Natriuretic Peptide for Enhanced Prediction of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Is predictive modeling the missing link for post-STEMI recovery in rural and resource-poor regions?American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Article
- Machine Learning Approach on Predictive Model Establishment for In-Hospital Mortality in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients Post-Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Solutions for Databases With Dimensionality Reduction and Class Imbalance.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Markers of inflammation predicts long-term mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome - a cohort study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Observational
- Genetic association of microRNA-146a polymorphisms with the severity of coronary artery lesions in acute myocardial infarction.PloS one · 2025Article
- Stress hyperglycaemia ratio is an independent predictor of in-hospital heart failure among patients with anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2024Article
- Pediatric Chest Pain: A Review of Diagnostic Tools in the Pediatric Emergency Department.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Machine-learning based risk prediction of in-hospital outcomes following STEMI: the STEMI-ML score.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Impact of stress hyperglycemia ratio, derived from glycated albumin or hemoglobin A1c, on mortality among ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023Article
- Machine learning for predicting intrahospital mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2023Article
- Risk Stratification of Acute-Onset Chest Pain: SVEAT Score Versus HEART and TIMI Scores.Cureus · 2023Article
- Development and Validation of a Nomogram Model for Predicting in-Hospital Mortality in non-Diabetic Patients with non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction.Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/HemostasisArticle
- Value of ACEF-II Score in Predicting Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Patients With Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Unstable Angina.Texas Heart Institute journalArticle
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundRisk stratification in non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) determines the intervention time. Limited study compared two risk scores, the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk scores in the current East Asian NSTEMI patients.
methodsThis retrospective observational study consecutively collected patients in a large academic hospital between 01/01 and 11/01/2017 and followed for 4 years. Patients were scored by TIMI and GRACE scores on hospital admission. In-hospital endpoints were defined as the in-hospital composite event, including mortality, re-infarction, heart failure, stroke, cardiac shock, or resuscitation. Long-term outcomes were all-cause mortality and cardiac mortality in 4-year follow-up.
resultsA total of 232 patients were included (female 29.7%, median age 67 years), with a median follow-up of 3.7 years. GRACE score grouped most patients (45.7%) into high risk, while TIMI grouped the majority (61.2%) into medium risk. Further subgrouping the TIMI medium group showed that half (53.5%) of the TIMI medium risk population was GRACE high risk (≥ 140). Compared to TIMI medium group + GRACE < 140 subgroup, the TIMI medium + GRACE high-risk (≥ 140) subgroup had a significantly higher in-hospital events (39.5% vs. 9.1%, p < 0.05), long-term all-cause mortality (22.2% vs. 0% p < 0.001) and cardiac death (11.1% vs. 0% p = 0.045) in 4-year follow-up. GRACE risk scores showed a better predictive ability than TIMI risk scores both for in-hospital and long-term outcomes. (AUC of GRACE vs. TIMI, In-hospital: 0.82 vs. 0.62; long-term mortality: 0.89 vs. 0.68; long-term cardiac mortality: 0.91 vs. 0.67, all p < 0.05). Combined use of the two risk scores reserved both the convenience of scoring and the predictive accuracy.
conclusionGRACE showed better predictive accuracy than TIMI in East Asian NSTEMI patients in both in-hospital and long-term outcomes. The sequential use of TIMI and GRACE scores provide an easy and promising discriminative tool in predicting outcomes in NSTEMI East Asian patients.
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