Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34995722›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of infection control2022

Factors and reasons associated with low COVID-19 vaccine uptake among highly hesitant communities in the US.

Saif Khairat, Baiming Zou, Julia Adler-Milstein

Erratum issuedOpen access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of infection control, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 70 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
70citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
19.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

70 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. What Makes Urban Communities More Resilient to COVID-19? A Systematic Review of Current Evidence.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Pooled it
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  20. Characteristics of primary care practices by proportion of patients unvaccinated against SARS-CoV-2: a cross-sectional cohort study.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2024
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10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Saif KhairatCecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; Carolina Health Informatics Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC. Electronic address: Saif@unc.edu.
Baiming ZouSchool of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; Department of Biostatistics, Gilling's School of Global Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.
Julia Adler-MilsteinCenter for Clinical Informatics and Improvement Research, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe inability to achieve high COVID-19 vaccination rates can continue to have serious harm to our communities. Vaccine hesitancy is a major barrier towards high vaccination rates. We evaluated the relationship between COVID-19 vaccine uptake and vaccine hesitancy, and then examined whether community factors were associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake and hesitancy.

methodsWe constructed and evaluated a cross-sectional, county-level dataset that included the levels of vaccination uptake and vaccine hesitancy, and population characteristics based on those included in the CDC's Social Vulnerability Index.

resultsAcross 3142 US counties, vaccine hesitancy was significantly and negatively correlated with vaccine uptake rates (r = -0.06, P value <.01). The 2 predictors associated with a low vaccination level within highly hesitant communities were: no high school education (OR:0.70, P value <.001), and concern on vaccine availability and distribution (CVAC) (OR:0.00, P value <.001). The most common reason driving vaccine hesitancy was lack of trust in COVID-19 vaccines (55%), followed by concerns around side effects of the vaccine (48%), and lack of trust in government (46%).

conclusionsCOVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is a public health threat. Our findings suggest that low education levels are a major contributor to vaccine hesitancy and ultimately vaccination levels. Since education levels are not easily modifiable, our results suggest that policymakers would be best served by closing knowledge gaps to overcome negative perceptions of the vaccine through tailored interventions.

Indexed as

COVID-19VaccinesCOVID-19 VaccinesCross-Sectional StudiesHumansSARS-CoV-2VaccinationCOVID-19 VaccinesVaccinesEducationHealth Services ResearchPublic HealthVaccination

Identifiers

PMID34995722
PMCPMC8730806
OpenAlexW4206792501

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.