Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34994048›Full record

ArticleMolecular systems biology2022

Glycolysis/gluconeogenesis specialization in microbes is driven by biochemical constraints of flux sensing.

Severin Josef Schink, Dimitris Christodoulou, Avik Mukherjee, Edward Athaide, Viktoria Brunner, Tobias Fuhrer, Gary Andrew Bradshaw, Uwe Sauer, Markus Basan

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular systems biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact, top 100% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 0 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
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  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Microbial Metabolism: Primary and Secondary Metabolites.Progress in molecular and subcellular biology · 2026
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase homologs as bifunctional gatekeepers of metabolic segregation inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Microorganisms · 2025
    Article
  17. Resource-use plasticity governs the causal relationship between traits and community structure in model microbial communities.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Severin Josef Schink *Systems Biology Department, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5952-8817
Dimitris Christodoulou *Systems Biology Department, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0646-6181
Avik MukherjeeSystems Biology Department, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Edward AthaideApplied Mathematics Department, Harvard College, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7910-9276
Viktoria BrunnerInstitute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-5167-9840
Tobias FuhrerInstitute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-5006-6874
Gary Andrew BradshawLaboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Uwe SauerInstitute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-5923-0770
Markus BasanSystems Biology Department, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9396-521X
Harvard University · USETH Zurich · CH

Funding

Elucidating physiology of dormant bacteria to combat antibiotic persistenceR35GM137895 · NIGMS · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI Markus Thomas Basan · 2020 to 2026
$3.2M
NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM137895
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Central carbon metabolism is highly conserved across microbial species, but can catalyze very different pathways depending on the organism and their ecological niche. Here, we study the dynamic reorganization of central metabolism after switches between the two major opposing pathway configurations of central carbon metabolism, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis in Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Pseudomonas putida. We combined growth dynamics and dynamic changes in intracellular metabolite levels with a coarse-grained model that integrates fluxes, regulation, protein synthesis, and growth and uncovered fundamental limitations of the regulatory network: After nutrient shifts, metabolite concentrations collapse to their equilibrium, rendering the cell unable to sense which direction the flux is supposed to flow through the metabolic network. The cell can partially alleviate this by picking a preferred direction of regulation at the expense of increasing lag times in the opposite direction. Moreover, decreasing both lag times simultaneously comes at the cost of reduced growth rate or higher futile cycling between metabolic enzymes. These three trade-offs can explain why microorganisms specialize for either glycolytic or gluconeogenic substrates and can help elucidate the complex growth patterns exhibited by different microbial species.

Indexed as

GluconeogenesisPseudomonas putidaCarbonGlucoseGlycolysisCarbonGlucoseflux sensinglag timemetabolismspecializationtrade-off

Identifiers

PMID34994048
PMCPMC8738977
OpenAlexW3217202003

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.