Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34993981›Full record

ArticleStatistics in medicine2022

Bayesian kernel machine regression-causal mediation analysis.

Katrina L Devick, Jennifer F Bobb, Maitreyi Mazumdar, Birgit Claus Henn, David C Bellinger, David C Christiani, Robert O Wright, Paige L Williams, Brent A Coull, Linda Valeri

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Statistics in medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 50% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Associations of endocrine disrupting chemicals with anogenital distance across infancy.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026
    Observational
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Workflow for Statistical Analysis of Environmental Mixtures.Environmental health perspectives · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Environmental Mixtures Analysis (E-MIX) Workflow and Methods Repository.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.

Katrina L DevickDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8757-8208
Jennifer F BobbBiostatistics Unit, Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4744-5897
Maitreyi MazumdarDepartment of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Birgit Claus HennDepartment of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
David C BellingerDepartment of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
David C ChristianiDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Robert O WrightDepartment of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Paige L WilliamsDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Brent A CoullDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Linda ValeriDepartment of Biostatistics, Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA.
Harvard University · USBoston Children's Hospital · USBoston University · USColumbia University · USIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · USKaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute · USMayo Clinic in Arizona · US

Funding

Translational Research Support CoreP30ES000002 · NIEHS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI JAIME ELIZABETH HART · 1985 to 2026
$44.6M
Statistical Services and Methods Development ResourceU2CES026555 · NIEHS · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI GENNINGS, CHRIS · 2015 to 2025
$26.4M
The Mount Sinai Transdisciplinary Center on Early Environmental ExposuresP30ES023515 · NIEHS · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI Manish Arora · 2014 to 2026
$21.3M
Stress, Lead, Iron Deficiency and NeurodevelopmentR01ES013744 · NIEHS · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI Robert O Wright · 2007 to 2026
$13.4M
GRADUATE TRAINING IN BIOSTATISTICST32ES007142 · NIEHS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI Brent Andrew Coull · 1985 to 2026
$11.9M
Superfund Metal Mixtures, Biomarkers and NeurodevelopmentP42ES016454 · NIEHS · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI BELLINGER, DAVID C · 2010 to 2015
$10.1M
Arsenic Exposure and Birth Outcomes in BangladeshR01ES015533 · NIEHS · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI CHRISTIANI, DAVID C · 2007 to 2011
$2.1M
The Programming Research in Obesity, GRowth, Environment and Social Stress (PROGRESS) CohortR24ES028522 · NIEHS · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI Megan K Horton, Maria Jose Rosa · 2017 to 2026
$1.8M
Development and Testing of Response Surface Methods for Investigating the Epidemiology of Exposure to MixturesR01ES028800 · NIEHS · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI WEBSTER, THOMAS F · 2018 to 2021
$1.7M
Neurodevelopmental Effects of Early Life Arsenic ExposureK23ES017437 · NIEHS · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI MAZUMDAR, MAITREYI · 2009 to 2013
$735k
The Programming Research in Obesity, GRowth, Environment and Social Stress (PROGRESS) CohortU24ES028522 · NIEHS · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI HORTON, MEGAN K, ROSA, MARIA JOSE · 2024 to 2025
$719k
Statistical methods for the assessment of social engagement in psychosis using digital technologiesK01MH118477 · NIMH · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI VALERI, LINDA · 2018 to 2021
$558k
NIEHS NIH HHS K23 ES017437NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES000002NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES023515NIEHS NIH HHS P42 ES016454NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES013744NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES015533NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES028800NIEHS NIH HHS R24 ES028522NIEHS NIH HHS T32 ES007142NIEHS NIH HHS U24 ES028522NIEHS NIH HHS U2C ES026555NIH HHS ES000002NIH HHS ES007142NIH HHS ES013744NIH HHS ES015533NIH HHS ES016454NIH HHS ES017437NIH HHS ES023515NIH HHS ES026555NIH HHS ES028800NIH HHS ES28522NIH HHS K01MH118477NIMH NIH HHS K01 MH118477
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Greater understanding of the pathways through which an environmental mixture operates is important to design effective interventions. We present new methodology to estimate natural direct and indirect effects and controlled direct effects of a complex mixture exposure on an outcome through a mediator variable. We implement Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) to allow for all possible interactions and nonlinear effects of (1) the co-exposures on the mediator, (2) the co-exposures and mediator on the outcome, and (3) selected covariates on the mediator and/or outcome. From the posterior predictive distributions of the mediator and outcome, we simulate counterfactuals to obtain posterior samples, estimates, and credible intervals of the mediation effects. Our simulation study demonstrates that when the exposure-mediator and exposure-mediator-outcome relationships are complex, BKMR-Causal Mediation Analysis performs better than current mediation methods. We applied our methodology to quantify the contribution of birth length as a mediator between in utero co-exposure to arsenic, manganese, and lead, and children's neurodevelopmental scores, in a prospective birth cohort in Bangladesh. Among younger children, we found a negative (adverse) association between the metal mixture and neurodevelopment. We also found evidence that birth length mediates the effect of exposure to the metal mixture on neurodevelopment for younger children. If birth length were fixed to its

Indexed as

Mediation AnalysisMetalsBayes TheoremCausalityChildHumansProspective StudiesMetalschildren's neurodevelopmentenvironmental mixturemixturemultipollutant exposure

Identifiers

PMID34993981
PMCPMC9150437
OpenAlexW2968076590

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.