ArticleBiological trace element research2022
Betaine Ameliorates Depressive-Like Behaviors in Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Exposed Mice.
Article in Biological trace element research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antidepressant-Related Signaling Pathways of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in a Mouse Model of Postpartum Depression.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Evaluation of MassFrontier, MetFrag, MS-FINDER, and SIRIUS for Metabolite Annotation Using an Experimental LC-HRMS Dataset.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Exploring the Multifunctional Roles of Betaine: Traditional Applications, Emerging Technologies, and Green Chemistry Innovations.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Betaine: A Promising Natural Product for Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Breaking Through Barriers: The Transformative Potential of Nanomedicine in Overcoming Drug Delivery Challenges for Psychiatric Disorders.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2026Review
- Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle-Induced Neurotoxicity: Underlying Molecular Mechanisms and Future Perspectives.Toxics · 2025Review
- Betaine, a Potential Therapeutic Alternative for the Treatment of Depression.Current drug targets · 2025Review
- Exploration of neural mechanisms underlying antidepressant-like property ofCurrent research in physiology · 2025Article
- Article
- The major biogenic amine metabolites in mood disorders.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Review
- Antidepressant-Like Activity and Molecular Docking Analysis of a Sesquiterpene Lactone Isolated from the Root Bark ofEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2024Review
- Nanocarrier drug delivery system: promising platform for targeted depression therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Article
- Making the case for prophylactic use of betaine to promote brain health in young (15-24 year old) athletes at risk for concussion.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to determine protective effects of betaine on depressive-like behaviors in zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) exposed mice. Forty male mice randomly allocated into four experimental groups. Group 1 kept as control and groups 2-4 received oral administration of betaine (30 mg/kg), ZnO NPs (600 mg/kg), and ZnO NPs (600 mg/kg) 1 h after pre-administration of betaine (30 mg/kg) for 7 days, respectively. Then, forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), open field test (OFT), and rotarod tests were done. Furthermore, serum malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels were determined. Hippocampal tissue samples were collected for histopathological assessment. According to the results, treatment with ZnO NPs significantly increased immobility time in the FST and TST (P<0.05). Betaine significantly decreased immobility time in the FST and TST (P<0.05). Pretreatment with betaine significantly decreased ZnO NPs-induced alterations in the FST and TST (P<0.05). The duration of staying on the rotarod and the numbers of crossings in the OFT significantly decreased in the mice that received ZnO NPs (P<0.05). These results were significantly improved in betaine+ZnO NPs treated mice as compared to the ZnO NPs group (P<0.05). Treatment with ZnO NPs significantly increased serum MDA level while decreased SOD and GPx compared to the control group (P<0.05). These changes were effectively ameliorated by pretreatment with betaine compared to the ZnO NPs group (P<0.05). No significant effect on serum TAC level was observed in all groups (P˃0.05). Administration of ZnO NPs decreased the thickness of hippocampus and pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) and CA1 regions were sparsely arranged. Pretreatment with betaine caused an improvement in the histological features of the hippocampus when compared with ZnO NPs-treated mice. Taken together, these results suggest that betaine has protective role against ZnO NPs-induced toxicity in mice.
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