ArticleCJC open2021
Trends of Sex Differences in Clinical Outcomes After Myocardial Infarction in the United States.
Article in CJC open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05619601 (Gender Differences in Prevention Strategies and Therapeutic Adherence After Acute Myocardial Infarction - GENAMI PREVENTION), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Gender Differences in Prevention Strategies and Therapeutic Adherence After Acute Myocardial Infarction - GENAMI PREVENTION
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Lowering With Inclisiran Plus Usual Care in Recent Acute Coronary Syndrome: VICTORION-INCEPTION, a Randomized, Controlled, Open-Label Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Trial
- Sex Differences in Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes After Myocardial Infarction With Low Ejection Fraction: Insights From PARADISE-MI.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Trial
- Assessing the mortality burden after acute myocardial infarction in SLE: insights from the MINAP Registry.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Sex disparities in STEMI pathophysiology: Presentation, treatments, and outcomes.Global cardiology science & practice · 2026Review
- The impact of race and sex on recent mortality trends after coronary artery bypass grafting.JTCVS open · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Evolocumab in Improving Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) Levels in a Japanese Population - Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Circulation reports · 2025Article
- Loneliness and Social Isolation in Individuals with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Takotsubo Syndrome: A Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- 2025 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2025Review
- Sex Differences in Ventricular Arrhythmias and Adverse Outcomes Following Acute Myocardial Infarction.JACC. Advances · 2024Article
- The importance of LDL-C lowering in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease prevention: Lower for longer is better.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2024Article
- 2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2024Review
- Article
- Trends of Sex Differences and Associated Factors in Stroke Outcomes Among Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: 2007 to 2018Neurology · 2024Article
- Saving women's hearts: Improving outcomes with prevention & policy.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2023Article
- Clinical Profiles, Outcomes, and Sex Differences of Patients With STEMI: Findings From the NORIN-STEMI Registry.JACC. Asia · 2023Article
- Factors associated with intensive care unit delirium in patients with acute myocardial infarction.Heart and vessels · 2023Article
- Sex Differences in Delayed Hospitalization in Patients with Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing New-Generation Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2023Review
- Interleukin-36 is vasculoprotective in both sexes despite sex-specific changes in the coronary microcirculation response to IR injury.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- Women with Acute Myocardial Infarction: Clinical Characteristics, Treatment, and In-Hospital Outcomes from a Latin American Country.Global heart · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFemale patients have been shown to experience worse clinical outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) compared with male patients. However, it is unclear what trend these differences followed over time.
methodsData from patients hospitalized with AMI between 2004 and 2015 in the National Inpatient Sample were retrospectively analyzed, stratified according to sex. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of invasive management and in-hospital outcomes according to sex. The Mantel-Haenszel extension of the χ
resultsOf 7,026,432 AMI hospitalizations, 39.7% (n = 2,789,494) were women. Overall, women were older (median: 77 vs 70 years), with a higher prevalence of risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, and depression. Women were less likely to receive coronary angiography (aOR, 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91-0.93) and percutaneous coronary intervention (aOR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.81-0.83) compared with men. Odds of all-cause mortality were higher in women (aOR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.04;
conclusionsIn this temporal analysis of AMI hospitalizations over 12 years, we showed lower receipt of invasive therapies and higher mortality rates in women, with no change in temporal trends. There needs to be a systematic and consistent effort toward exploring these disparities to identify strategies to mitigate them.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.