Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34992706›Full record

ArticleThe annals of applied statistics2020

Efficient Real-Time Monitoring of an Emerging Influenza Pandemic: How Feasible?

Paul J Birrell, Lorenz Wernisch, Brian D M Tom, Leonhard Held, Gareth O Roberts, Richard G Pebody, Daniela De Angelis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The annals of applied statistics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. When did coronavirus arrive in Europe?Statistical methods & applications · 2022
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Evidence Synthesis for Stochastic Epidemic Models.Statistical science : a review journal of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics · 2018
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Paul J BirrellMRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge.
Lorenz WernischMRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge.
Brian D M TomMRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge.
Leonhard HeldEpidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich.
Gareth O RobertsCRiSM, Department of Statistics, University of Warwick.
Richard G PebodyHealth Protection Directorate, Public Health England.
Daniela De AngelisMRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge.

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_UU_00002/1Medical Research Council MC_UU_00002/11Medical Research Council MC_UU_00002/2
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A prompt public health response to a new epidemic relies on the ability to monitor and predict its evolution in real time as data accumulate. The 2009 A/H1N1 outbreak in the UK revealed pandemic data as noisy, contaminated, potentially biased and originating from multiple sources. This seriously challenges the capacity for real-time monitoring. Here, we assess the feasibility of real-time inference based on such data by constructing an analytic tool combining an age-stratified SEIR transmission model with various observation models describing the data generation mechanisms. As batches of data become available, a sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) algorithm is developed to synthesise multiple imperfect data streams, iterate epidemic inferences and assess model adequacy amidst a rapidly evolving epidemic environment, substantially reducing computation time in comparison to standard MCMC, to ensure timely delivery of real-time epidemic assessments. In application to simulated data designed to mimic the 2009 A/H1N1 epidemic, SMC is shown to have additional benefits in terms of assessing predictive performance and coping with parameter nonidentifiability.

Indexed as

pandemic influenzareal-time inferenceresample-moveSEIR transmission modelSequential Monte Carlo

Identifiers

PMID34992706
PMCPMC7612182

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.