ArticleAddiction science & clinical practice2022
Prevalence of marijuana use in pregnant women with concurrent opioid use disorder or alcohol use in pregnancy.
Article in Addiction science & clinical practice, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions for opioid use disorder during the first year postpartum: A systematic review.Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Maternal psychiatric disorders before, during, and after pregnancy: a national cohort study in Sweden.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Identifying Patients at Risk for Alcohol-Exposed Pregnancies: The Importance of Addressing Multiple Risk Factors.Substance use & addiction journal · 2025Article
- Association between state-level medical marijuana legalization and marijuana use during pregnancy: A population-based study.The American journal on addictions · 2025Article
- Co-occurring conditions during pregnancy and hospitalizations in the first year postpartum among persons with opioid use disorder.Preventive medicine · 2024Article
- Advances in animal models of prenatal opioid exposure.Trends in neurosciences · 2024Review
- Perception of pregnant individuals, health providers and decision makers on interventions to cease substance consumption during pregnancy: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Potentially modifiable risk and protective factors affecting mental and emotional wellness in pregnancy.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Article
- Emerging Roles of Endocannabinoids as Key Lipid Mediators for a Successful Pregnancy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2023Review
- Characteristics of Individuals in the United States Who Used Opioids During Pregnancy.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2023Article
- Tobacco and Cannabis Use During and After Pregnancy in California.Maternal and child health journal · 2023Article
- Adaptive Text Messaging for Postpartum Risky Drinking: Conceptual Model and Protocol for an Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.JMIR research protocols · 2022Article
- Association of Combined Marijuana and Opioid Use with Major Depressive Disorder Among Adults with Chronic Conditions in the United States.Substance use : research and treatmentArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA quarter of pregnant women use alcohol, 6.5/1000 deliveries are affected by opioid use disorder (OUD), and the prevalence of cannabis use in pregnant women is increasing. However, marijuana co-exposure in polysubstance-using women is not well described.
methodsThe well-characterized ENRICH-1 cohort (n = 251), which focused on the effects of two primary exposures of interest-opioids and alcohol, was used to (1) estimate the prevalence/frequency of marijuana use in those with OUD and/or alcohol use, and (2) examined correlates of marijuana use. Participants were classified into an OUD group (n = 125), Alcohol group (n = 69), and concurrent OUD and Alcohol (OUD + Alcohol) group (n = 57). Self-report and biomarkers ascertained substance use. Multivariable logistic regression identified correlates of marijuana use.
resultsThe prevalence of any marijuana use in pregnancy was 43.2%, 52.6%, and 46.4% in the OUD, OUD + Alcohol, and Alcohol groups, respectively. Correspondingly, weekly or daily use was reported by 19.4%, 21.0%, and 24.6% of participants. In the OUD and OUD + Alcohol groups, the proportion of women using marijuana was significantly higher in those taking buprenorphine (45.8% and 58.3%, respectively) compared to women using methadone (37.5% and 42.9%, respectively). Mean maternal age was lower in women who used marijuana in all three groups compared to non-marijuana users. Independent correlates of marijuana use (controlling for group, race/ethnicity, education, and smoking) were maternal age (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) per 5-year increment 0.61; (95% CI 0.47, 0.79)), and polysubstance use (aOR 2.02; 95% CI 1.11, 3.67). There was a significant interaction between partnership status and group: among women who were not in a partnership, those in the OUD and OUD + Alcohol groups had lower odds of marijuana use relative to the Alcohol group. For women in the Alcohol group, partnered women had lower odds of marijuana use than un-partnered women (aOR 0.12; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.68).
conclusionsResults indicate a relatively high prevalence and frequency of marijuana use in pregnant women being treated for OUD and/or women consuming alcohol while pregnant. These results highlight the need for ongoing risk reduction strategies addressing marijuana use for pregnant women receiving OUD treatment and those with alcohol exposure.
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