Observational studyBMC pulmonary medicine2022
Tracheal stenosis in prolonged mechanically ventilated patients: prevalence, risk factors, and bronchoscopic management.
Observational study in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidelines for the Management of Adult Subglottic and Tracheal Stenosis From the Korean Bronchoesophagological Society.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2026Guideline
- Risk factors for patients with tracheal stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Journal of international medical research · 2024Pooled it
- Disorders of Consciousness in Acute Care: Application of the CRS-R and Respiratory, Swallowing, and Discharge Outcomes at a Level 1 Trauma Hospital.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2026Article
- To guide or not to guide percutaneous dilational tracheostomy? broncoscope, ultrasound or nothing?Critical care (London, England) · 2026Article
- Tilorone suppresses TGF-β-driven fibroblast activation and restores BMP-Smad1/5/8 signaling: implications for laryngotracheal fibrosis.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- The multidisciplinary strategy to severe neck contracture and complex post-tracheostomy tracheal stenosis: A case report.Medicine · 2026Article
- Immunophenotypic and structural signatures of severe granulation tissue in airway implant patients.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Interventional treatment of post tracheostomy tracheal stenosis in neurological rehabilitation: results of a single-center registry.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Article
- Construction and validation of a machine learning-based prediction model for 48-hour reintubation risk in mechanically ventilated patients.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Cuff-induced focal tracheomegaly managed with a custom silicone Y-Stent: A case report.Respiratory medicine case reports · 2026Article
- Bronchoscopy-guided non-capping decannulation pathway versus conventional capping trial in patients with prolonged tracheostomy: a retrospective comparative cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Predicting weaning failure from invasive mechanical ventilation: The promise and pitfalls of clinical prediction scores.World journal of critical care medicine · 2025Review
- Long-Term Follow-up of Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy in the Intensive Care Unit.The Laryngoscope · 2025Article
- Case report: ST-elevation myocardial infarction complications. How far will you go?Future cardiology · 2025Article
- Type and morphology affect the success rate of bronchoscopy for postintubation tracheal stenosis.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2024Article
- Tissue-engineered tracheal implants: Advancements, challenges, and clinical considerations.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2024Review
- Airway collapse hinders recovery in bronchoscopy therapy for postintubation tracheal stenosis patients.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2024Article
- Article
- Swiss Cheese Trachea: An Unwarranted, Unique Form of Post-intubation Tracheal Stenosis.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2024Article
- Differential expression of miRNAs revealed by small RNA sequencing in traumatic tracheal stenosis.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVarious complications may arise from prolonged mechanical ventilation, but the risk of tracheal stenosis occurring late after translaryngeal intubation or tracheostomy is less common. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, type, risk factors, and management of tracheal stenoses in mechanically ventilated tracheotomized patients deemed ready for decannulation following prolonged weaning.
methodsA retrospective observational study on 357 prolonged mechanically ventilated, tracheotomized patients admitted to a specialized weaning center over seven years. Flexible bronchoscopy was used to discern the type, level, and severity of tracheal stenosis in each case. We described the management of these stenoses and used a binary logistic regression analysis to determine independent risk factors for stenosis development.
resultsOn admission, 272 patients (76%) had percutaneous tracheostomies, and 114 patients (32%) presented mild to moderate tracheal stenosis following weaning completion, with a median tracheal cross-section reduction of 40% (IQR 25-50). The majority of stenoses (88%) were located in the upper tracheal region, most commonly resulting from localized granulation tissue formation at the site of the internal stoma (96%). The logistic regression analysis determined that obesity (OR 2.16 [95%CI 1.29-3.63], P < 0.01), presence of a percutaneous tracheostomy (2.02 [1.12-3.66], P = 0.020), and cricothyrotomy status (5.35 [1.96-14.6], P < 0.01) were independently related to stenoses. Interventional bronchoscopy with Nd:YAG photocoagulation was a highly effective first-line treatment, with only three patients (2.6%) ultimately referred to tracheal surgery.
conclusionsTracheal stenosis is commonly observed among prolonged ventilated patients with tracheostomies, characterized by localized hypergranulation and mild to moderate airway obstruction, with interventional bronchoscopy providing satisfactory results.
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