ArticleJournal of affective disorders2022
Risk factors preceding new onset abuse among youth with bipolar disorder: A longitudinal prospective analysis.
Article in Journal of affective disorders, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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16 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
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Abstract
backgroundChildhood abuse negatively impacts the course of Bipolar Disorder (BD). Yet, no study has examined risk factors associated with prospectively evaluated physical/sexual abuse, specifically, those preceding first abuse among BD youth. We investigate past/intake/follow-up factors preceding first physical/sexual abuse among BD youth.
methodsChildhood-onset BD participants (n = 279 youth, mean age at intake = 12, mean length of follow-up = 12 years) enrolled in the Course and Outcome of Bipolar Youth (COBY) study. Demographic, clinical and family history variables were assessed every 7 months on average using Longitudinal Interval Follow-up Evaluation and Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS-PL). Abuse was evaluated at intake using the K-SADS-PL, over follow-up with a Traumatic Events Screen. Family psychopathology was assessed using Family History Screen/Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic Statistical Manual-IV.
resultsFifteen-percent of youth reported new-onset abuse during follow-up (62% physical, 26% sexual; 12% both). Intake predictors included more severe depressive symptoms (HR = 1.29), low socioeconomic-status (SES) in families with substance abuse (HR = 0.84) (physical abuse), and female sex (HR = 2.41) (sexual abuse). Follow-up predictors preceding physical abuse included: older age (HR = 1.42), disruptive disorders (HR = 1.39), and the interaction between low SES and family substance abuse (HR = 0.86). For sexual abuse, female sex (HR = 4.33) and a non-biologically related father presence in the household (HR = 2.76). Good relationships with friends (prospectively evaluated) protected against physical/sexual abuse (HR = 0.72/0.70, respectively). LIMITATIONS: Prospective data was gathered longitudinally but assessed retrospectively at every follow-up; perpetrator information and abuse severity were not available.
conclusionsIdentifying factors temporally preceding new onset physical/sexual abuse may hold promise for identifying high-risk youth with BD.
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