Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34990611›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental research2022

SARS-CoV-2 circulation in Croatian wastewaters and the absence of SARS-CoV-2 in bivalve molluscan shellfish.

Dragan Brnić, Ivana Lojkić, Ines Škoko, Nina Krešić, Ivana Šimić, Tomislav Keros, Marin Ganjto, Dario Štefanac, Branka Viduka, Dario Karšaj and 3 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Dragan BrnićCroatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address: brnic@veinst.hr.
Ivana LojkićCroatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
Ines ŠkokoCroatian Veterinary Institute, Veterinary Department Split, Poljička cesta 33, 21000, Split, Croatia.
Nina KrešićCroatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
Ivana ŠimićCroatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia; Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
Tomislav KerosCroatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
Marin GanjtoZagreb Wastewater Ltd., Čulinečka cesta 287, 10040, Zagreb, Croatia.
Dario ŠtefanacVodovod i kanalizacija d.o.o., Gažanski trg 8, 47000, Karlovac, Croatia.
Branka VidukaOdvodnja d.o.o., Hrvatskog sabora 2D, 23000, Zadar, Croatia.
Dario KaršajVodovod d.o.o., Nikole Zrinskog 25, 35000, Slavonski brod, Croatia.
Darko ŠtilerVinkovački vodovod i kanalizacija d.o.o., Ulica Dragutina Žanića Karle 47a, 32100, Vinkovci, Croatia.
Boris HabrunCroatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
Lorena JemeršićCroatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address: jemersic@veinst.hr.
Croatian Veterinary Institute · HRUniversity of Slavonski Brod · HR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in the environment has been confirmed numerous times, whilst research on the bioaccumulation in bivalve molluscan shellfish (BMS) has been rather scarce. The present study aimed to fulfil the knowledge gap on SARS-CoV-2 circulation in wastewaters and surface waters in this region and to extend the current knowledge on potential presence of SARS-CoV-2 contamination in BMS. The study included 13 archive wastewater and surface water samples from the start of epidemic and 17 influents and effluents from nine wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) of different capacity and treatment stage, sampled during the second epidemic wave. From that period are the most of 77 collected BMS samples, represented by mussels, oysters and warty venus clams harvested along the Dalmatian coast. All samples were processed according to EN ISO 15216-1 2017 using Mengovirus as a whole process control. SARS-CoV-2 detection was performed by real-time and conventional RT-PCR assays targeting E, N and nsp14 protein genes complemented with nsp14 partial sequencing. Rotavirus A (RVA) real-time RT-PCR assay was implemented as an additional evaluation criterion of virus concentration techniques. The results revealed the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in nine influents and two secondary treatment effluents from eight WWTPs, while all samples from the start of epidemic (wastewaters, surface waters) were negative which was influenced by sampling strategy. All tertiary effluents and BMS were SARS-CoV-2 negative. The results of RVA amplification were beneficial in evaluating virus concentration techniques and provided insights into RVA dynamics within the environment and community. In conclusion, the results of the present study confirm SARS-CoV-2 circulation in Croatian wastewaters during the second epidemic wave while extending the knowledge on wastewater treatment potential in SARS-CoV-2 removal. Our findings represent a significant contribution to the current state of knowledge that considers BMS of a very low food safety risk regarding SARS-CoV-2.

Indexed as

BivalviaCOVID-19AnimalsHumansSARS-CoV-2ShellfishWastewaterWastewaterBivalve molluscan shellfishCroatiaRotavirus ASARS-CoV-2Surface watersWastewaters

Identifiers

PMID34990611
PMCPMC8721915
OpenAlexW4205336833

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.