ArticleJournal of ultrasound2022
The role of ultrasound to evaluate the disorders of sex development: a pictorial essay.
Article in Journal of ultrasound, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.
- Utility of non-contrast transperineal ultrasound for the evaluation of pediatric disorders.Pediatric radiology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ultrasonography is usually the first modality used to evaluate patients with disorders of sex development (DSD). To determine the sex in patients with DSD, the following four categories are carefully evaluated: chromosomal, gonadal, anatomical internal genitalia, and external genitalia. However, in the clinical setting, the only information that sonographers have prior to ultrasound examination is the appearance of the external genitalia. The following DSD presentations are commonly observed: (1) male external genitalia present at birth, without testis in the scrotum or with a small penis; (2) female external genitalia present at birth, with an inguinal hernia or clitoromegaly; (3) neonates with ambiguous genitalia at birth; and (4) female or male external genitalia without sexual maturity. In this retrospective study of several clinical cases, we demonstrated an ultrasound-based sex determination approach for these clinical presentations. We found that sonographers evaluated the external genitalia in relation to the distal urethra within the corpus spongiosum and corpus cavernosum and the presence or absence of follicles within the detected gonads to determine the sex of the patient.
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