ArticleNeurocritical care2022
Palliative Care Consultations in Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Who Receives Palliative Care Consultations and What Does that Mean for Utilization?
Article in Neurocritical care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex-related differences in end-of-life decision-making in patients with traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC palliative care · 2026Pooled it
- Decisions about palliative care and social determinants of health in intensive care units: a scoping review.Acute and critical care · 2026Article
- Relationship Between Social Determinants of Health and Domains of Care Addressed During Pediatric Palliative Care Visits for Children with Cancer.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Palliative Care in the Neurocritical Care Unit: Increasing Primary Palliative Care Skills.Neurocritical care · 2025Article
- Racial disparities in palliative care among hospitalized older adults with traumatic brain injury.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2025Article
- Machine Learning Reveals Demographic Disparities in Palliative Care Timing Among Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury Receiving Neurosurgical Consultation.Neurocritical care · 2025Article
- Redirection of Care after Traumatic Brain Injury in Intensive Care: Sex and Social Determinants of Health.Neurotrauma reports · 2025Article
- A scoping review of end-of-life discussions and palliative care: implications for neurological intensive care among Latinos in the U.S.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- Naming racism as a root cause of inequities in palliative care research: a scoping review.BMC palliative care · 2024Article
- Machine Learning Identifies Variation in Timing of Palliative Care Consultations Among Traumatic Brain Injury Patients.Research square · 2024Article
- Palliative Care in Severe Neurotrauma Patients in the Intensive Care Unit.Neurocritical care · 2023Article
- Article
- Exploring the Social Determinants of Health and Health Disparities in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Optimizing resource utilization: palliative care consultations in critically ill pediatric trauma patients.Trauma surgery & acute care open · 2023Article
- Traumatic brain injury: progress and challenges in prevention, clinical care, and research.The Lancet. Neurology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPalliative care has the potential to improve goal-concordant care in severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). Our primary objective was to illuminate the demographic profiles of patients with sTBI who receive palliative care encounters (PCEs), with an emphasis on the role of race. Secondary objectives were to analyze PCE usage over time and compare health care resource utilization between patients with or without PCEs.
methodsThe National Inpatient Sample database was queried for patients age ≥ 18 who had a diagnosis of sTBI, defined by using International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision codes. PCEs were defined by using International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision code V66.7 and trended from 2001 to 2015. To assess factors associated with PCE in patients with sTBI, we performed unweighted generalized estimating equations regression. PCE association with decision making was modeled via its effect on rate of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement. To quantify differences in PCE-related decisions by race, race was modeled as an effect modifier.
resultsFrom 2001 to 2015, the proportion of palliative care usage in patients with sTBI increased from 1.5 to 36.3%, with 41.6% White, 22.3% Black, and 25% Hispanic patients with sTBI having a palliative care consultation in 2015, respectively. From 2008 to 2015, we identified 17,673 sTBI admissions. White and affluent patients were more likely to have a PCE than Black, Hispanic, and low socioeconomic status patients. Across all races, patients receiving a PCE resulted in a lower rate of PEG tube placement; however, White patients exhibited a larger reduction of PEG tube placement than Black patients. Patients using palliative care had lower total hospital costs (median $16,368 vs. $26,442, respectively).
conclusionsPalliative care usage for sTBI has increased dramatically this century and it reduces resource utilization. This is true across races, however, its usage rate and associated effect on decision making are race-dependent, with White patients receiving more PCE and being more likely to decline the use of a PEG tube if they have had a PCE.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.