ArticleSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2022
Sex differences in sleep and psychological disturbances among patients admitted for cardiovascular diseases.
Article in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and Determinants of Poor Sleep Quality Among Patients with Established Coronary Heart Disease in Kazakhstan: A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A bidirectional relationship between atrial fibrillation and depression: epidemiology, mechanisms, and clinical implications.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Sex- and estrous-specific effects of paradoxical sleep deprivation: neurobehavioral changes and hippocampal neuroinflammation.Frontiers in sleep · 2025Article
- Sex differences in insomnia, sleep apnea and restless legs syndrome.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2023Article
- The stress of losing sleep: Sex-specific neurobiological outcomes.Neurobiology of stress · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUnderstanding sex differences is critical for improving outcomes in patients with cardiovascular conditions. Sleep and psychological disturbances contribute to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, and important sex differences persist in their incidence and association with clinical outcomes.
methodsSex-based variation in sleep and psychological disturbances were assessed in consecutive patients with cardiovascular diseases in a single university hospital. The prevalence of insomnia, sleep disordered breathing (SDB), anxiety, and depression was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), nocturnal pulse oximeter, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The effect of sex on the prevalence of sleep and psychological disturbances as well as their associations was quantified using multivariate logistic regression models.
resultsAmong 1,233 patients (mean age 63.6 years, 25% women), women were significantly less likely than men to experience SDB (17.5% vs 31.5%, p < 0.001), but more likely to report an increased burden of insomnia (54.7% vs 43.3%, p = 0.001) and depression (23.9% vs 16.7%, p = 0.004). Insomnia was associated with depression, which was more remarkable among women (p value for interaction: 0.039). SDB was associated with anxiety among women but not men (p value for interaction: 0.003). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of anxiety between women and men.
conclusionsAmong patients with cardiovascular disease, women reported an increased burden of insomnia and depression compared to men. The association between sleep and psychological disturbances may be more pronounced in women, suggesting that cardiologists should increase efforts for identification of such comorbidities and administer corresponding treatment, especially in women.
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