ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021
Impact of Sex Hormones on Macrophage Responses to
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical characteristics of sporadic acute Q fever diagnosed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: a retrospective analysis and literature review in China.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Benchmarking Q fever transmission in czech republic and serbia: A one health sub-national population study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Sex differences in immune responses to viruses, bacteria and vaccines.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- Sex differences in immune cells: mechanistic perspectives and clinical correlates in physiology and disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- Clinical Features and Treatment Strategies of Q Fever Spinal Infection: A Pooled Analysis of 39 Cases and Narrative Review of the Literature.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Testosterone and estradiol reduce inflammation of human macrophages induced by anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG.European journal of immunology · 2024Article
- Identification and verification of inflammatory biomarkers for primary Sjögren's syndrome.Clinical rheumatology · 2024Article
- Two Years afterAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- The Pathological Activation of Microglia Is Modulated by Sexually Dimorphic Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Infection and Persistence ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Murine Q Fever Vaccination Model Reveals Sex Dimorphism in Early Phase Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity Responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Q fever, a zoonosis caused by Materials and Methods: The bacterial intracellular fate in monocytes was studied using quantitative PCR, and monocyte cytokine production in response to Results: Bacterial uptake and persistence were similar in monocytes from males and females but were slightly increased in male MDMs. The expression of inflammatory genes, including those encoding TNF and CXCL10, was higher in MDMs from females than in MDMs from males infected by Conclusion: The stronger inflammatory profile of macrophages from females may have a protective role, likely under estrogen control, while testosterone may affect disease progression by promoting an anti-inflammatory response. This finding may have consequences for personalized management of patients with Q fever.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.