ArticleMaterials today (Kidlington, England)2021
Iron oxide nanoparticle targeted chemo-immunotherapy for triple negative breast cancer.
Article in Materials today (Kidlington, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hyaluronic acid/kaempferol-functionalized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles promote ROS-associated apoptosis and modulate caspase-8/BCRT1 axis in triple-negative breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Review
- Targeted biologics for TNBC: Advances in nanobodies, antibodies, peptides, and aptamers.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Review
- Nanomaterial-Enabled Modulation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Dendritic Cells to Enhance Cancer Immunotherapy.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Latest advances in nanodrug delivery systems for modulating the immune microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Emerging Nanozyme Strategies for Precision Breast Cancer Treatment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Sequential release of MTH1 inhibitor and chemotherapeutic drug using a pH-sensitive polymeric delivery system induces apoptosis in human tongue squamous cell carcinoma CAL-27 cells in vitro.World journal of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- M1 Macrophage Extracellular Vesicles and TLR3 Agonist Nanoparticles Down-Regulate Immunosuppression and Metastasis via AKT/TAM in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2025Article
- Engineered iron oxide nanoplatforms: reprogramming immunosuppressive niches for precision cancer theranostics.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Nanotechnology Applications in Breast Cancer Immunotherapy.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2024Review
- An Efficient Fabrication Approach for Multi-Cancer Responsive Chemoimmuno Co-Delivery Nanoparticles.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Mechanism insights and therapeutic intervention of tumor metastasis: latest developments and perspectives.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Nanoparticle-Mediated Immunotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2024Review
- Toll-like receptors in health and disease.MedComm · 2024Review
- Ferroptosis in Cancer Therapy: Mechanisms, Small Molecule Inducers, and Novel Approaches.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Review
- Inorganic Nanoparticle Functionalization Strategies in Immunotherapeutic Applications.Biomaterials research · 2024Review
- Surface Engineering of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Breast Cancer Diagnostics and Drug Delivery.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
- Nanoparticle-Mediated Synergistic Chemoimmunotherapy for Cancer Treatment.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
- Magnetically Actuated Biodegradable Nanorobots for Active Immunotherapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Toll‑like receptor 3 ligands for breast cancer therapies (Review).Molecular and clinical oncology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer is difficult to treat effectively, due to its aggressiveness, drug resistance, and lack of the receptors required for hormonal therapy, particularly at the metastatic stage. Here, we report the development and evaluation of a multifunctional nanoparticle formulation containing an iron oxide core that can deliver doxorubicin, a cytotoxic agent, and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly IC), a TLR3 agonist, in a targeted and simultaneous fashion to both breast cancer and dendritic cells. Endoglin-binding peptide (EBP) is used to target both TNBC cells and vasculature epithelia. The nanoparticle demonstrates favorable physicochemical properties and a tumor-specific targeting profile. The nanoparticle induces tumor apoptosis through multiple mechanisms including direct tumor cell killing, dendritic cell-initiated innate and T cell-mediated adaptive immune responses. The nanoparticle markedly inhibits tumor growth and metastasis and substantially extends survival in an aggressive and drug-resistant metastatic mouse model of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study points to a promising platform that may substantially improve the therapeutic efficacy for treating metastatic TNBC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.