SynthesisInternational journal of obesity (2005)2022
Examining adolescents' obesogenic behaviors on structured days: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of obesity (2005), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Health effects of children's summer holiday programs: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2024Pooled it
- Motivational Interviewing in Pediatric Obesity: A Meta-analysis of the Effects on Behavioral Outcomes.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Global Changes in Child and Adolescent Physical Activity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA pediatrics · 2022Pooled it
- Impact of free summer day camp on physical activity behaviors and screentime of elementary-age children from low-income households: a randomized clinical trial.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025Trial
- A mobile healthy lifestyle intervention to promote mental health in adolescence: a mixed-methods evaluation.BMC public health · 2024Trial
- The relationship between physical exercise and social media addiction among Chinese university students: a random intercept cross-lagged panel model analysis.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Interpretable depressive symptoms screening via statistical reasoning-augmented large language models using wearable and environmental data.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The impact of school life and holidays on sleep and physical activity patterns in junior high school students: a small-sample longitudinal study using wearable devices.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Variations in Children's screen time behaviors by weight status among a mostly disadvantaged population.PloS one · 2026Article
- When Routines Break: The Health Implications of Disrupted Daily Life.American journal of lifestyle medicine · 2026Review
- Integrating technology-assisted behavioral management into a summer obesity prevention intervention program: a pilot controlled trial.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Levelling-up summer: using summer holiday programs to support child health and wellbeing - a Delphi study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Differences in children's food and beverage consumption between school and summer: three-year findings from the what's UP (Undermining Prevention) with summer observational cohort study.BMC public health · 2025Observational
- Transitions of 24-H Movement Behaviour Profiles From Schooldays to Weekends and Their Associations With Health-Related Quality of Life and Well-Being in Czech Adolescents.Child: care, health and development · 2025Article
- Family and Home Environment Predictors of Children's 24-Hour Movement Guideline Adherence: A Mixed-Methods Study.Childhood obesity (Print) · 2025Article
- Age-related change in children's physical activity and sedentary time: The International Children's Accelerometry Database (ICAD).PloS one · 2025Article
- Sleep quality and renal function among Chinese incoming college freshmen: the mediating role of lifestyle behaviors.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Typologies of activity-related behaviours during adolescence and their transitions: a longitudinal analysis of the ELSPAC cohort.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Changes in diet quality across life transitions from adolescence to early adulthood: a latent growth analysis.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe structured days hypothesis posits that 'structured days' (i.e., days with pre-planned, segmented, and adult-supervised environments) reduce youth obesogenic behaviors. Structured days may be especially important for adolescents', as adolescence (12-19 years) is a period of developmental milestones and increased autonomy. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the relationship between structured days and adolescents' obesogenic behaviors (i.e., physical activity, diet, screen time, and/or sleep).
methodsFrom February to April of 2020, four databases (i.e., Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and PsychINfo) were searched for cross-sectional, longitudinal, and intervention (i.e., baseline data only) studies reporting obesogenic behaviors on more structured versus less structured days (i.e., weekday versus weekend or school year versus summer/holiday).
resultsA total of 42,878 unique titles and abstracts were screened with 2767 full-text articles retrieved. After review of full-text articles, 296 studies were identified (sleep k = 147, physical activity k = 88, screen time k = 81, diet k = 8). Most studies were conducted in North America, Europe & Central Asia, or East Asia & the Pacific used self-report measures and compared school days to weekend days. Meta-analyses indicated that adolescents' physical activity (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.25 [95%CI - 0.48, -0.03]) and screen time (SMD = -0.48 [95%CI - 0.66, -0.29]) were less healthy on less structured days. Differences did not reach statistical significance for sleep (SMD = -0.23 [95%CI - 0.48, 0.02]) and diet (SMD = -0.13 [95%CI - 0.77, 0.51]), however, sleep timing (SMD = -1.05 [95%CI - 1.31, -0.79]) and diet quantity (SMD = -0.29 [95%CI - 0.35, -0.23]) were less healthy on less structured days. The review identified studies with large heterogeneity.
conclusionsFindings indicate that adolescents' physical activity, screen time, sleep timing, and diet quantity are less healthy on less structured days. Interventions for adolescents to prevent and treat obesity may be more successful if they are designed to target times that are less structured.
Indexed as
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.