Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34987166›Full record

ArticleExperimental & molecular medicine2022

The importance of enhancer methylation for epigenetic regulation of tumorigenesis in squamous lung cancer.

Jae-Won Cho, Hyo Sup Shim, Chang Young Lee, Seong Yong Park, Min Hee Hong, Insuk Lee, Hye Ryun Kim

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Experimental & molecular medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Association of Intergenic and IntragenicInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jae-Won ChoDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
Hyo Sup ShimDepartment of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5718-3624
Chang Young LeeDepartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
Seong Yong ParkDepartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5180-3853
Min Hee HongDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3490-2195
Insuk LeeDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. insuklee@yonsei.ac.kr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-6180
Hye Ryun KimDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. nobelg@yuhs.ac.
Yonsei University · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is a subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). LUSC occurs at the bronchi, shows a squamous appearance, and often occurs in smokers. To determine the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of tumorigenesis, we performed a genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in tumor and adjacent normal tissues from LUSC patients. With the Infinium Methylation EPIC Array, > 850,000 CpG sites, including ~350,000 CpG sites for enhancer regions, were profiled, and the differentially methylated regions (DMRs) overlapping promoters (pDMRs) and enhancers (eDMRs) between tumor and normal tissues were identified. Dimension reduction based on DMR profiles revealed that eDMRs alone and not pDMRs alone can differentiate tumors from normal tissues with the equivalent performance of total DMRs. We observed a stronger negative correlation of LUSC-specific gene expression with methylation for enhancers than promoters. Target genes of eDMRs rather than pDMRs were found to be enriched for tumor-associated genes and pathways. Furthermore, DMR methylation associated with immune infiltration was more frequently observed among enhancers than promoters. Our results suggest that methylation of enhancer regions rather than promoters play more important roles in epigenetic regulation of tumorigenesis and immune infiltration in LUSC.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungCarcinoma, Squamous CellLung NeoplasmsCarcinogenesisCell Transformation, NeoplasticDNA MethylationEpigenesis, GeneticGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumans

Identifiers

PMID34987166
PMCPMC8813945
OpenAlexW4205403772

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.