Marimo actuated rover systems.

Neil Phillips, Thomas C Draper, Richard Mayne, Darren M Reynolds, Andrew Adamatzky

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Journal of biological engineering, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Marimo for monitoring and filtering of aquatic environments.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2025
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Neil PhillipsUnconventional Computing Laboratory, Faculty of the Environment and Technology, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK. neil.phillips@uwe.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7878-0196

Thomas C DraperUnconventional Computing Laboratory, Faculty of the Environment and Technology, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.

Richard MayneUnconventional Computing Laboratory, Faculty of the Environment and Technology, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.

Darren M ReynoldsCentre for Research in Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.

Andrew AdamatzkyUnconventional Computing Laboratory, Faculty of the Environment and Technology, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe potential to directly harness photosynthesis to make actuators, biosensors and bioprocessors has been previously demonstrated in the literature. Herein, this capability has been expanded to more advanced systems - Marimo Actuated Rover Systems (MARS) - which are capable of autonomous, solar powered, movement.

resultsWe demonstrate this ability is both a practical and viable alternative to conventional mobile platforms for exploration and dynamic environmental monitoring. Prototypes have been successfully tested to measure their speed of travel and ability to automatically bypass obstacles. Further, MARS is electromagnetically silent, thus avoiding the background noise generated by conventional electro/mechanical platforms which reduces instrument sensitivity. The cost of MARS is significantly lower than platforms based on conventional technology.

conclusionsAn autonomous, low-cost, lightweight, compact size, photosynthetically powered rover is reported. The potential for further system enhancements are identified and under development.

Indexed as

Aegagropila linnaeiBio-energyBioengineeringBiomimicryBio-roverSoft roboticsSustainabilityTRIZUnconventional

Identifiers

PMID34986856

DOI10.1186/s13036-021-00279-0

PMCPMC8734212

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.