Trial reportBMC anesthesiology2022
Reduction of leakage from insertion site during continuous femoral nerve block with catheter-through-needle versus catheter-over-needle technique for postoperative analgesia after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in BMC anesthesiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Efficacy of Intravenous Analgesia and Various Nerve Blocks for Pain Management in Elderly Patients With Hip Fractures: A Meta-Analysis.Orthopaedic surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Continuous femoral nerve block as pain management following total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness and Safety of a Novel Catheter-Over-Needle Assembly for Postoperative Analgesia in Orthopedic Limb Surgery: A Multicenter, Randomized, Single-Blind, Active-Controlled Noninferiority Trial.Pain research & management · 2026Trial
- Perineural catheters for continuous peripheral nerve blocks: a narrative review.Anesthesia and pain medicine · 2025Review
- Description and Outcomes of an Ultrasound-Guided Technique for Catheter Placement in the Canine Quadratus Lumborum Plane: A Cadaveric Tomographic Study and Clinical Case Series.Veterinary sciences · 2024Article
- A proof-of-concept study of ultrasound-guided continuous parasacral ischial plane block for postoperative pain control in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundContinuous femoral nerve block (CFNB) is a common procedure used for postoperative analgesia in total knee arthroplasty. Continuous nerve block using a conventional needle (catheter-through-needle/CTN) is complicated by leakage of the anesthetic from the catheter insertion site. A different type of needle (catheter-over-needle/ CON) is now available, which is believed to reduce leakage as the diameter of the catheter is larger than that of the needle. The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of leakage from the catheter insertion site during CFNB while using CTN and CON for postoperative analgesia after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
methodsThis prospective, randomized, single-blinded controlled study included 60 patients who were scheduled for TKA at our facility between May 2016 and November 2017. Patients were randomly allocated to the CTN or CON groups. All patients in both groups received CFNB and sciatic nerve block for postoperative analgesia. The administration of 0.16% levobupivacaine mixed with 6 mg of indigo carmine (a dye added to easily identify leakage) was started at 6 ml/h at the end of surgery. The primary outcome was the incidence of leakage from the catheter insertion site. We further investigated the degree of leakage, the incidence of catheter migration, pain scores using the numerical rating scale at 48 h postoperatively, and the number of days until the operated knee could be flexed 120 degrees postoperatively in both groups.
resultsThe CON group had a significantly lower incidence and degree of leakage from the catheter insertion site. There were no significant differences in other measurement outcomes.
conclusionsUse of CON reduces the incidence of leakage from the catheter insertion site during CFNB in the use of postoperative analgesia for total knee arthroplasty. Future research is needed to determine additional benefits of using CON related to decreased leakage.
trial registrationThe study was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Clinical Trials Registry ( UMIN000021537 ), prospectively registered on 18 March 2016.
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