ArticleEndocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)2021
The Effects of PPAR Agonists on Atherosclerosis and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in ApoE-/-FXR-/- Mice.
Article in Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Analysis of the Correlation Between Cuproptosis and Instability of Atherosclerotic Plaques.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Nuclear receptors in metabolic, inflammatory, and oncologic diseases: mechanisms, therapeutic advances, and future directions.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Advances of exosome regulating‑FXR to repair inflammatory bowel disease (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Impact of smoking and physical activity on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes across steatotic liver disease categories.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Farnesoid X receptor‑driven metabolic plasticity: Bridging physiological adaptation and malignant transformation in lipid handling (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Targeted drug delivery systems for atherosclerosis.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- PCSK9 with a gain of function D374Y mutation aggravates atherosclerosis by inhibiting PPARα expression.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Exercise in atherosclerosis: its beneficial effects and underlying mechanism.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Zhuriheng pills improve adipose tissue dysfunction and inflammation by modulating PPARγ to stabilize atherosclerotic plaques.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Article
- Insulin Resistance, Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Clinical and Experimental Perspective.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2024Review
- Advances in management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: from mechanisms to therapeutics.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Review
- Evaluation of the hepatotoxicity ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Emerging Roles of Gut Microbial Modulation of Bile Acid Composition in the Etiology of Cardiovascular Diseases.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase-II dysfunction: A possible novel mechanism for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in hepatocarcinogenesis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- The interplay between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- The role of the gut microbiota in health and cardiovascular diseases.Molecular biomedicine · 2022Review
- Lipoprotein Lipase: Is It a Magic Target for the Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFarnesoid X receptor (FXR), a bile acid-activated nuclear receptor, is a potent regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism as well as of bile acid metabolism. Previous studies have demonstrated that FXR deficiency is associated with metabolic derangements, including atherosclerosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but its mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of FXR in atherosclerosis and NAFLD and the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists in mouse models with FXR deficiency.
methodsEn face lipid accumulation analysis, liver histology, serum levels of glucose and lipids, and mRNA expression of genes related to lipid metabolism were compared between apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-/- and ApoE-/-FXR-/- mice. The effects of PPARα and PPARγ agonists were also compared in both groups of mice.
resultsCompared with ApoE-/- mice, ApoE-/-FXR-/- mice showed more severe atherosclerosis, hepatic steatosis, and higher levels of serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides, accompanied by increased mRNA expression of FAS, ApoC2, TNFα, IL-6 (liver), ATGL, TGH, HSL, and MGL (adipocytes), and decreased mRNA expressions of CPT2 (liver) and Tfam (skeletal muscle). Treatment with a PPARα agonist, but not with a PPARγ agonist, partly reversed atherosclerosis and hepatic steatosis, and decreased plasma triglyceride levels in the ApoE-/-FXR-/- mice, in association with increased mRNA expression of CD36 and FATP and decreased expression of ApoC2 and ApoC3 (liver).
conclusionLoss of FXR is associated with aggravation of atherosclerosis and hepatic steatosis in ApoE-deficient mice, which could be reversed by a PPARα agonist through induction of fatty acid uptake, β-oxidation, and triglyceride hydrolysis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.