ArticleDiabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy2021
Diabetic Complications and Associated Factors: A 5-Year Facility-Based Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Hospital in Rwanda.
Article in Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diabetic retinopathy in Sub-Saharan Africa: prevalence and regional variations from a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Pooled it
- Magnitude, risk factors and economic impacts of diabetic emergencies in developing countries: A systematic review.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Poor Glycemic Control in East Africa: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Public Health Implications in Diabetes Management.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Review
- Mapping the storm: a scoping review of diabetic emergencies in Africa.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2026Review
- Article
- Prevalence of chronic diabetic complications and associated risk factors among follow-up diabetic patients: estimates from a referral national diabetes center in Yemen.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Factors Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Southern Afghanistan: A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Article
- Relationships of Multidimensional Factors to Diabetes Complications: A Cross-Sectional, Correlational Study.Western journal of nursing research · 2024Article
- Article
- Time to Treatment Intensification to Reduce Diabetes-Related Complications: A Post Hoc Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Poor Self-Care Practices and Being Urban Resident Strongly Predict Chronic Complications Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Eastern Ethiopia: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2022Article
- Glycemic control among People living with HIV and diabetes in Eastern Uganda: A cross-sectional study.Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical AssociationArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin production, insulin action, or both. Despite advances in DM diagnosis and management, the incidence of DM-related complications remains high. This study aimed to determine patterns of common complications and associated factors among hospitalized patients in Rwanda.
methodsA cross-sectional study, with retrospective chart review, was conducted at CHUK from July to August, 2021. Charts for DM patients admitted from January 2016 to December 2020 were considered while those inaccessible at the time of data collection were excluded. Linear regression model was used to assess the relationship between dependent and independent variables with a p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
resultsA total of 246 charts were reviewed. The median age was 56 years (IQR: 14-90). More than half of participants (n = 135; 54.9%) were females; majority from the Central region (n = 138; 56.7%). Recorded DM risk factors included alcohol intake (n = 81; 48.5%); smoking (n = 40; 24.2%), obesity (n = 43; 52.4%), and family history of DM (n = 27; 56.3%). Majority (n = 153; 84.5%) had type 2 DM and (n = 147; 69%) had known their diagnosis for at least 6 years. Hypertension (n = 124, 50.4%), acute hyperglycemic state (n = 59, 24%), nephropathy (n = 58, 23.6%), and stroke (n = 38, 15.4%) were frequently reported complications. Nearly all participants (n = 81, 95.2%) with complications had poor glycemic control. Alcohol intake, age ≥45 years, and T1DM were associated with higher odds of DM complications (aOR = 8, 95% CI = 2-32.6, p = 0.003, aOR = 6.2, 95% CI = 1.4-27.6, p = 0.016 and aOR = 14.1, 95% CI = 1.2-161.5, p = 0.034, respectively). Duration of DM (p = 0.001) was significant at bivariate analysis.
conclusionDM complications were prevalent among the studied population with poor glycemic control mainly influenced by alcohol consumption and duration of DM. Expansion of integrated DM and hypertension screening services to lower-level centers is needed to reduce the associated morbidity and mortality.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.