ArticleBMJ open2022
Association between hormone replacement therapy and carpal tunnel syndrome: a nationwide population-based study.
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Hormone replacement therapy in women and risk of carpal tunnel syndrome: a systematic review and metaanalysis.Journal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology · 2023Pooled it
- Genetic evidence elucidates the mediating role of sex hormone-binding globulin in the causal relationship linking insomnia to carpal tunnel syndrome.Human genomics · 2026Article
- Medical Service Utilization for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Korea (2010-2017): A Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study Using a Nationally Representative Sample from the HIRA-National Patient Sample Database.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Association Between Lower-Limb Fractures and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Novel minimally invasive carpal tunnel release using a specialized surgical kit: a prospective multi-center case series.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Article
- The Rising Popularity of Growth Hormone Therapy and Ensuing Orthopedic Complications in the Pediatric Population: A Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Severe Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient With a History of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.Journal of hand surgery global online · 2024Article
- Current Insights into Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Clinical Strategies for Prevention and Treatment.Current drug targets · 2024Review
- Improvement of Cardiovascular Function in Aging Females by the Prolonged Activation of G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveCarpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common compressive focal mononeuropathy, and the increased incidence in postmenopausal and pregnant women suggests its association with oestrogen. The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and the occurrence of CTS.
designPopulation-based case-control study.
settingNationwide health insurance programme operated by the government with a near 100% coverage rate.
participantsWe identified women ≥45 years old in the Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, which contains data on a representative sample of one million enrollees. After exclusion of those who were diagnosed with CTS before the prescription of HRT, a total of 118 309 participants were included and followed up for 15 years starting from 1 January 1996. Both HRT and occurrence of CTS were identified using the insurance claims.
main outcome measuresWe identified incident patients of CTS and evaluated the association between HRT and CTS by calculating the OR.
resultsOf the 4535 participants who developed CTS during the study period, 2334 (51.5%) were HRT recipients. In participants without CTS, the proportion of HRT recipients was 28.1%, yielding an OR of 2.72 with a 95% CI of 2.56 to 2.88. After adjustment for age, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, hypothyroidism, gout and obesity, the OR of CTS associated with HRT was 2.04 (95% CI 1.91 to 2.17). While HRT, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and gout had similar effects on CTS across all age groups, hypothyroidism and obesity had different effects on different groups.
conclusionThis study observed a positive association between HRT and CTS, independent of age, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, hypothyroidism, gout and obesity. While the ORs of CTS associated with HRT were similar across age groups, those associated with hypothyroidism and obesity were not, indicating effect modifications by age.
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