ArticleMalaria journal2022
Naturally acquired antibody response to a Plasmodium falciparum chimeric vaccine candidate GMZ2.6c and its components (MSP-3, GLURP, and Pfs48/45) in individuals living in Brazilian malaria-endemic areas.
Article in Malaria journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review on malaria and Tuberculosis (TB) vaccine challenges in sub-Saharan African clinical trials.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Antibody Responses to the ConservedPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Cellular Immune Response and T Cell Epitope Mapping ofVaccines · 2026Article
- A combined designed CSP and Pfs48/45 infection and transmission blocking vaccine for malaria.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- B-cell epitope mapping and characterization of antibody responses to recombinant PvRipr in malaria-exposed individuals.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Targeting mucosal immunity in malaria control: the underexplored role of IgA.Frontiers in malaria · 2025Article
- Plasmodium Falciparum and mosquito vector IgG patterns across suspected malaria cases in Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- A dual-antigen malaria vaccine targeting Pb22 and Pbg37 was able to induce robust transmission-blocking activity.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- B-Cell Epitope Mapping of theVaccines · 2023Article
- Rare Alleles and Signatures of Selection on the Immunodominant Domains of Pfs230 and Pfs48/45 in Malaria Parasites From Western Kenya.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Host-parasite interactions duringFrontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe GMZ2.6c malaria vaccine candidate is a multi-stage Plasmodium falciparum chimeric protein which contains a fragment of the sexual-stage Pfs48/45-6C protein genetically fused to GMZ2, a fusion protein of GLURP and MSP-3, that has been shown to be well tolerated, safe and immunogenic in clinical trials performed in a malaria-endemic area of Africa. However, there is no data available on the antigenicity or immunogenicity of GMZ2.6c in humans. Considering that circulating parasites can be genetically distinct in different malaria-endemic areas and that host genetic factors can influence the immune response to vaccine antigens, it is important to verify the antigenicity, immunogenicity and the possibility of associated protection in individuals living in malaria-endemic areas with different epidemiological scenarios. Herein, the profile of antibody response against GMZ2.6c and its components (MSP-3, GLURP and Pfs48/45) in residents of the Brazilian Amazon naturally exposed to malaria, in areas with different levels of transmission, was evaluated.
methodsThis study was performed using serum samples from 352 individuals from Cruzeiro do Sul and Mâncio Lima, in the state of Acre, and Guajará, in the state of Amazonas. Specific IgG, IgM, IgA and IgE antibodies and IgG subclasses were detected by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay.
resultsThe results showed that GMZ2.6c protein was widely recognized by naturally acquired antibodies from individuals of the Brazilian endemic areas with different levels of transmission. The higher prevalence of individuals with antibodies against GMZ2.6c when compared to its individual components may suggest an additive effect of GLURP, MSP-3, and Pfs48/45 when inserted in a same construct. Furthermore, naturally malaria-exposed individuals predominantly had IgG1 and IgG3 cytophilic anti-GMZ2.6c antibodies, an important fact considering that the acquisition of anti-malaria protective immunity results from a delicate balance between cytophilic/non-cytophilic antibodies. Interestingly, anti-GMZ2.6c antibodies seem to increase with exposure to malaria infection and may contribute to parasite immunity.
conclusionsThe data showed that GMZ2.6c protein is widely recognized by naturally acquired antibodies from individuals living in malaria-endemic areas in Brazil and that these may contribute to parasite immunity. These data highlight the importance of GMZ2.6c as a candidate for an anti-malarial vaccine.
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