Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34981555›Full record

ArticleAnnals of neurology2022

Reduced Numbers of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons in Narcolepsy Type 1.

Ling Shan, Rawien Balesar, Dick F Swaab, Gert Jan Lammers, Rolf Fronczek

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Narcolepsy is (not) an autoimmune disease.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026
    Review
  3. Increased Numbers of CD4Annals of neurology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
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  17. Article
  18. Epigenetic silencing of selected hypothalamic neuropeptides in narcolepsy with cataplexy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Ling ShanDepartment of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-4765-2474
Rawien BalesarDepartment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Dick F SwaabDepartment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-9665-7845
Gert Jan LammersDepartment of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Rolf FronczekDepartment of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Leiden University Medical Center · NLNetherlands Institute for Neuroscience · NL

Funding

H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions 707404Klaus-Grawe Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a chronic sleep disorder correlated with loss of hypocretin(orexin). In NT1 post-mortem brains, we observed 88% reduction in corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)-positive neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and significantly less CRH-positive fibers in the median eminence, whereas CRH-neurons in the locus coeruleus and thalamus, and other PVN neuronal populations were spared: that is, vasopressin, oxytocin, tyrosine hydroxylase, and thyrotropin releasing hormone-expressing neurons. Other hypothalamic cell groups, that is, the suprachiasmatic, ventrolateral preoptic, infundibular, and supraoptic nuclei and nucleus basalis of Meynert, were unaffected. The surprising selective decrease in CRH-neurons provide novel targets for diagnostics and therapeutic interventions. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:282-288.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overCell CountCorticotropin-Releasing HormoneFemaleHumansHypothalamusImmunohistochemistryLocus CoeruleusMaleMedian EminenceMiddle AgedNarcolepsyNeuronsParaventricular Hypothalamic NucleusCorticotropin-Releasing Hormone

Identifiers

PMID34981555
PMCPMC9306683
OpenAlexW4205859890

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.