Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34980921›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology2022

The global burden of coeliac disease: opportunities and challenges.

Govind K Makharia, Prashant Singh, Carlo Catassi, David S Sanders, Daniel Leffler, Raja Affendi Raja Ali, Julio C Bai

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
63citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
19.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

63 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Effect ofWorld journal of gastroenterology · 2024
    Trial
  4. Observational
  5. Harnessing gut microbiome enzymes:Microbiology spectrum · 2026
    Article
  6. IgA Subclasses and Free Light Chains in Celiac Disease: A Pilot Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Recent advances in the diagnosis of celiac disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Case Series: Is Celiac Disease Underdiagnosed in Korean Children?The Korean journal of gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe chi · 2025
    Article
  20. Article

3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 7 institutions in 6 countries.

Govind K Makharia *Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. govindmakharia@aiims.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-2474-2194
Prashant Singh *Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Carlo CatassiDepartment of Paediatrics, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
David S SandersRoyal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK.
Daniel LefflerCeliac Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
Raja Affendi Raja AliDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The National University of Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Julio C BaiUniversidad del Salvador, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
All India Institute of Medical Sciences · INBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center · USMarche Polytechnic University · ITNational University of Malaysia · MYRoyal Hallamshire Hospital · GBUniversidad del Salvador · ARUniversity of Michigan · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coeliac disease is a systemic disorder characterized by immune-mediated enteropathy, which is caused by gluten ingestion in genetically susceptible individuals. The clinical presentation of coeliac disease is highly variable and ranges from malabsorption through solely extra-intestinal manifestations to asymptomatic. As a result, the majority of patients with coeliac disease remain undiagnosed, misdiagnosed or experience a substantial delay in diagnosis. Coeliac disease is diagnosed by a combination of serological findings of disease-related antibodies and histological evidence of villous abnormalities in duodenal biopsy samples. However, variability in histological grading and in the diagnostic performance of some commercially available serological tests remains unacceptably high and confirmatory assays are not readily available in many parts of the world. Currently, the only effective treatment for coeliac disease is a lifelong, strict, gluten-free diet. However, many barriers impede patients' adherence to this diet, including lack of widespread availability, high cost, cross-contamination and its overall restrictive nature. Routine follow-up is necessary to ensure adherence to a gluten-free diet but considerable variation is evident in follow-up protocols and the optimal disease management strategy is not clear. However, these challenges in the diagnosis and management of coeliac disease suggest opportunities for future research.

Indexed as

Celiac DiseaseDiet, Gluten-FreeHumansPatient Compliance

Identifiers

PMID34980921
OpenAlexW4206074598

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.