ArticleArthritis research & therapy2022
Salivary anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) mirrors serum ANA in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- New Frontiers in Autoimmune Diagnostics: A Systematic Review on Saliva Testing.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- The value of antinuclear antibody spectrum in diagnosis and disease activity assessment in early atypical systemic lupus erythematosus.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Fluorescent probes in autoimmune disease research: current status and future prospects.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Duplex Vertical-Flow Rapid Tests for Point-of-Care Detection of Anti-dsDNA and Anti-Nuclear Autoantibodies.Biosensors · 2024Article
- Optimal Selection of IFN-α-Inducible Genes to Determine Type I Interferon Signature Improves the Diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Detection of Autoantibodies in Saliva as New Avenue for the Diagnosis and Management of Autoimmune Patients.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo assay salivary anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) and its isotypes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to investigate relevant clinical associations.
methodsSaliva samples were collected from SLE patients and assayed for salivary ANA using immunofluorescence (IF). Isotypes of salivary ANA, including IgG-ANA, IgA-ANA, and IgM-ANA, were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The correlations between clinical parameters and levels of salivary ANA and isotypes were evaluated.
resultsSalivary ANA IF intensities were significantly higher in SLE patients than in healthy controls, irrespective of SLE patient disease activity, and strongly correlated with serum ANA titers. Salivary ANA was detected in 67.14% of SLE patients and 10.00% of healthy controls (p < 0.001). Among ANA-positive samples, 80.85% exhibited a nuclear ANA pattern, and 42.55% exhibited a cytoplasmic ANA pattern. Salivary IgG-ANA, IgA-ANA, and IgM-ANA levels, as assayed by ELISA, were significantly increased in both active and less active SLE patients compared with healthy controls, and levels of each isotype were significantly correlated with serum ANA titer. Salivary IgM-ANA levels correlated with the physician global assessment (PGA), SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI), and negatively with serum C3 and C4. Salivary IgG-ANA also correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), SLEDAI, and negatively with serum C3.
conclusionSalivary ANA levels correlate with serum ANA titer, and salivary IgM-ANA and IgG-ANA correlate variably with PGA, SLEDAI, ESR and complement levels. These findings underscore the potential of using salivary ANA and ANA isotypes as surrogates for serum ANA, particularly for future point-of-care applications since saliva is easier to obtain than blood.
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