ArticleBMC ophthalmology2022
Analysis of the first tear film break-up point in Sjögren's syndrome and non-Sjögren's syndrome dry eye patients.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Aqueous-deficient dry eye disease: Preferred practice pattern guidelines on clinical approach, diagnosis, and management.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Guideline
- Evaporative dry eye disease due to meibomian gland dysfunction: Preferred practice pattern guidelines for diagnosis and treatment.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Guideline
- Characteristics of Tear Film in Sjögren's Syndrome Patients as Measured by a Novel Tear Film Imager: A Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Long-Term Study of the Changes in Symptoms and Signs of Dry Eye Disease in Participants Non-Adherent to Treatment.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pediatric Sjögren's Syndrome: Focus on Ocular Involvement and Diagnostic Challenges.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Optimizing Diagnosis and Management of Dry Eye Disease: A Practical Framework for Hong Kong.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Article
- Diagnostic Cut-Off Values Based on Lipid Layer Pattern for Dry Eye Disease Subtypes Assessment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Meibomian gland dysfunction in Sjögren's disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- The Proportion of Ocular Involvement and Characteristics of Dry Eye Parameters in Primary Sjögren Syndrome Referred from the Rheumatology Department.Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO · 2024Article
- The Translation, Validation and Cultural Adaptation of Questionnaires Assessing the Quality of Life and Fatigue among Patients with Sjogren's Syndrome for the Romanian Context.Clinics and practice · 2023Article
- Comparing Tear Film Viscosity between Sjögren and Non-Sjögren Dry Eye Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Dynamic Aspects of Pre-Soft Contact Lens Tear Film and Their Relation to Dry Eye: Basic Science and Clinical Relevance.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Key Genes of Immunity Associated with Pterygium and Primary Sjögren's Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
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2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTear film instability plays an important role in the course of Sjögren's Syndrome dry eye (SSDE) even though it is generally classified as aqueous-deficient dry eye. The measurement of the first tear film break-up point (FTBUP) helps to evaluate the most unstable position of the tear film on ocular surface. We aim to investigate FTBUP in Sjögren's Syndrome dry eye (SSDE) and non-Sjögren's Syndrome dry eye (NSSDE) patients, and explore its correlation with dry eye indices.
methodsTwenty-two SSDE patients (44 eyes) and 22 NSSDE patients (44 eyes) were enrolled in the study. Oculus Keratograph K5M was used to measure FTBUP, the first and average non-invasive keratographic breakup time (f-NIKBUT and av-NIKBUT), the tear meniscus height, and meibomian gland dropout. Other tests of tear film were also performed including Ocular Surface Dryness Index (OSDI), Schirmer I test, fluorescein break-up time and corneal fluorescein staining. Dry eye indices and the locations of the FTBUP were compared between SSDE and NSSDE patients. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to ajusted the correlations between right and left eyes. The correlations between the FTBUP and ocular symptoms and signs were investigated using Pearson's correlation coefficient test.
resultsThe FTBUP occurred at the supranasal quadrant in 12/88 eyes, supratemporal quadrant in 8/88 eyes, inferonasal quadrant in 34/88 eyes, and inferotemporal quadrant in 34/88 eyes. The percentage eyes with inferior FTBUP was significantly higher in the SSDE than in the NSSDE subjects (86.3% vs 68.1%, P = .049). Moreover, in SSDE subjects, temporal breakup point was seen more often in those who presented corneal fluorescein staining in any location, while nasal breakup point was more frequent in those who did not present any corneal fluorescein staining (P = .045).
conclusionThe location of the FTBUP in SSDE patients had specific characteristics. However, the diagnostic potential of FTBUP in early recognition of SSDE needs further validation.
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