ArticleBMC cancer2022
The blood level of thioredoxin 1 as a supporting biomarker in the detection of breast cancer.
Article in BMC cancer, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hydrating with a higher-fructose sport drink does not worsen acute kidney injury risk during simulated work-related heat stress.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2026Trial
- Circulating Thioredoxin 1 as an Adjunct to Mammography for Breast Cancer Detection: A Multicenter Clinical Validation Study.Cancers · 2026Article
- Inflammation and RONS Dysregulation by Redox Enzymes as Mechanistic Links in HIV-1-Cancer Comorbidity.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Ad libitum drinking does not mitigate acute kidney injury risk nor elevations in markers of oxidative stress and inflammation during simulated occupational heat stress.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2026Article
- Thioredoxin and tetraspanin 30 (CD63) as potential biomarkers for angioinvasion in papillary thyroid cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Targeting TXN1 Induces G2M Phase Arrest and Apoptosis of Glioma Cells Through P38 MAPK Pathway.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Bibliometric analysis of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 expression in breast cancer and its distinct upregulation in triple-negative breast cancer.World journal of clinical oncology · 2024Article
- Changing Perspectives from Oxidative Stress to Redox Signaling-Extracellular Redox Control in Translational Medicine.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is a long-time unmet need for a means to detect breast cancer (BC) using blood. Although mammography is accepted as the gold standard for screening, a blood-based diagnostic can complement mammography and assist in the accurate detection of BC in the diagnostic process period of early diagnosis. We have previously reported the possible use of thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) in serum as a novel means to detect BC. In the present study, we validated the clinical utility of Trx1 to identify BC by testing sera from biopsy-confirmed cancer patients and women without cancer.
methodsWe have generated monoclonal antibodies against Trx1 and developed an ELISA kit that can quantitate Trx1 in sera. The level of Trx1 was determined in each serum from women without cancer (n = 114), as well as in serum from patients with BC (n = 106) and other types of cancers (n = 74), including cervical, lung, stomach, colorectal, and thyroid cancer. The sera from BC patients were collected and classified by the subjects' age and cancer stage. In addition to the Trx1 levels of BC patients, several pathological and molecular aspects of BC were analyzed. Test results were retrospectively compared to those from mammography. Each test was duplicated, and test results were analyzed by ROC analysis, one-way ANOVA tests, and unpaired t-tests.
resultsThe mean level of Trx1 from women without cancer was 5.45 ± 4.16 (±SD) ng/ml, that of the other malignant cancer patient group was 2.70 ± 2.01 ng/ml, and that from the BC group was 21.96 ± 6.79 ng/ml. The difference among these values was large enough to distinguish BC sera from non-BC control sera with a sensitivity of 97.17% and specificity of 94.15% (AUC 0.990, p < 0.0001). Most Trx1 levels from BC patients' sera were higher than the cut-off value of 11.4 ng/ml regardless of age, stage, histological grade, type, and specific receptors' expression profile of BC. The level of Trx1 could rescue women from most cases of misread or incomplete mammography diagnoses.
conclusionThese results indicated that the blood level of Trx1 could be an effective and accurate means to assist the detection of BC during the early diagnosis period.
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