ArticleEuropean journal of epidemiology2022
Lifestyle risk factors and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: assessing the influence of reverse causation in a prospective cohort of 457,021 US adults.
Article in European journal of epidemiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Impact of alcohol consumption on hyperuricemia and gout: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Changes in smoking use and subsequent lung cancer risk in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2024Trial
- Adherence to Healthy Lifestyle and Risk of Cardiometabolic Diseases in Individuals With Hypertension.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Modeling the Effects of Smoking on Lung Cancer.Observational studies · 2026Article
- Genetic susceptibility shaped by biological state: beyond gene-environment interaction.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Review
- Wearable device-based health equivalence of different physical activity intensities against mortality, cardiometabolic disease, and cancer.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Postdiagnosis physical activity and dietary inflammatory and insulinemic potential with overall survival in men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
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- Dose-response associations of device-measured sleep regularity and duration with incident dementia in 82391 UK adults.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Association between lifestyle risk factors and mortality in the Mexico City prospective study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The associations of long-term physical activity in adulthood with later biological ageing and all-cause mortality - a prospective twin study.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Metabolites mediate the effects of healthy lifestyles on the risks of common age-related diseases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Healthy food diversity and the risk of major chronic diseases in the EPIC-Potsdam study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Physical Activity and All-Cause Mortality by Age in 4 Multinational Megacohorts.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Consumption of Total and Specific Alcoholic Beverages and Long-Term Risk of Gout Among Men and Women.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Daily Supplementation withFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Lifestyle behaviors, social and economic disadvantages, and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: results from the US National Health Interview Survey.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Healthy dietary patterns and the risk of individual chronic diseases in community-dwelling adults.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Combined association of physical activity and sitting time with cardiometabolic risk factors in Chilean adults.Scientific reports · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLifestyle risk factors have been associated with increased all-cause and cause-specific mortality, but the influence of reverse causation has been underappreciated as a limitation in epidemiological studies.
methodsProspective cohort study including 457,021 US adults from the National Health Interview Survey 1997-2013 linked to the National Death Index records through December 31, 2015. Multivariable Cox models were performed to examine the association of lifestyle risk factors with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Participants with prevalent diseases and the first 2, 5, 10, and 15 years of follow-up were excluded to account for reverse causation.
resultsDuring 4,441,609 person-years, we identified 60,323 total deaths. Heavy alcohol drinking (HR 1.12; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.16), smoking (HR 1.78; 95% CI 1.74 to 1.83) and lack of physical activity (HR 1.51; 95% CI 1.47 to 1.54) were associated with increased all-cause mortality. Overweight was associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR 0.88; 95% CI 0.86 to 0.90). After exclusion of participants with diseases and first 10 years of follow-up, associations changed to: heavy alcohol drinking (HR 1.31; 95% CI 1.20 to 1.43), smoking (HR 1.99; 95% CI 1.87 to 2.11), lack of physical activity (HR 1.21; 95% CI 1.15 to 1.27), and overweight (HR 1.05; 95% CI 1.00 to 1.10).
conclusionsMethods to account for reverse causation suggest different effects of reverse causation on the associations between lifestyle risk factors and mortality. Exclusion of participants with diseases at baseline, and exclusion of 5-10 years of follow-up may be necessary to mitigate reverse causation.
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