Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34978651›Full record

ArticleInternational ophthalmology2022

Characteristics and long-term surgical outcomes of horizontal strabismus.

Mohamad Dakroub, Dalia El Hadi, Zeinab El Moussawi, Perla Ibrahim, Christiane Al-Haddad

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in International ophthalmology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Mohamad DakroubOphthalmology Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, PO Box 110236, Beirut, Lebanon.
Dalia El HadiOphthalmology Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, PO Box 110236, Beirut, Lebanon.
Zeinab El MoussawiOphthalmology Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, PO Box 110236, Beirut, Lebanon.
Perla IbrahimOphthalmology Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, PO Box 110236, Beirut, Lebanon.
Christiane Al-HaddadOphthalmology Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, PO Box 110236, Beirut, Lebanon. ca12@aub.edu.lb.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7136-6278

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeOur aim was to report the characteristics and long-term surgical outcomes of three subgroups of horizontal strabismus in a single institution (divided by strabismus subtype) in a developing country and look into pre-operative factors predictive of surgical success.

methodsTwo hundred and forty-four complete charts of patients, divided into 152 esotropes (ET) and 92 exotropes (XT) who had undergone horizontal strabismus surgeries, were retrospectively reviewed. Charts of patients with muscle palsy, Duane syndrome and consecutive strabismus were excluded; 172 patients were included divided into partially accommodative ET, congenital ET and intermittent XT. Surgical success was defined as a post-operative angle deviation of 12 prism diopters or less.

resultsThe mean follow-up period of all patients was 31.64 ± 23.12 months. The subgroups were divided into partially accommodative ET (60 patients), congenital ET (60 patients), and intermittent XT (52 patients). Esotropes (both partially accommodative and congenital) presented earlier (p < 0.001). Also, partially accommodative ET had a significantly higher spherical equivalent (SE) compared to congenital ET patients, who had a higher SE than intermittent XT (p < 0.001). Congenital ET patients had a significantly larger angle of deviation (for both far and near) than both partially accommodative ET and intermittent XT patients (p < 0.001). The overall success rate was 72.67% for the whole group with no significant differences among subgroups. Success rate of partially accommodative ET surgery was 78.33% compared to that of congenital ET at 66.67% and intermittent XT at 73.07%. Significant post-operative improvement in sensory fusion was observed mainly for patients with partially accommodative esotropia and intermittent exotropia.

conclusionOur results showed that esotropes (both partially accommodative and congenital) presented earlier, with a higher spherical equivalent in the partially accommodative ET subgroup, while the congenital ET subgroup had the largest angle of deviation for both distance and near. The overall surgical success rate for horizontal strabismus surgery was 72.67% with the 3 subgroups having similar success rates. A younger age at presentation and absence of amblyopia were positively correlated with surgical success in the partially accommodative esotropia group.

Indexed as

EsotropiaExotropiaStrabismusFollow-Up StudiesHumansOculomotor MusclesOphthalmologic Surgical ProceduresRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeVision, BinocularEsotropiaExotropiaHorizontal strabismusPediatric ophthalmologySurgical outcomes

Identifiers

PMID34978651

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.