ArticleJACS Au2021
Spin Statistics for Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Upconversion: Exchange Coupling, Intermolecular Orientation, and Reverse Intersystem Crossing.
Article in JACS Au, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- An Energy-Gradient Strategy for Triplet-Pair Separation in Singlet-Fission Oligomers.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- Sterically protected π-electron systems for efficient solid-state photon upconversion.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Tutorial on Energy Transfer Mechanisms and Computational Methods in X‑ray Photodynamic Therapy with Metal Nanoclusters.ACS physical chemistry Au · 2026Article
- Controlling the fate of two triplet states: solid-state annihilator design for photon upconversion.Chemical science · 2026Review
- Aggregation favors singlet formation in TES-ADT triplet annihilator for photon upconversion.Chemical science · 2026Article
- AuAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- The photodimerization of 9-deuterioanthracene: hyperfinePhotochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2026Article
- Expanding Thermodynamic and Kinetic Frontiers in Molecular Photocatalysis.ACS central science · 2026Review
- Article
- At the "Peak" of Vis-to-UV Upconversion: Clear Advantages of TIPS Substituents for a Biphenyl Annihilator.JACS Au · 2025Article
- Enhancing the statistical probability factor in triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversionChemical science · 2025Article
- Intersystem Crossing Outcompetes Triplet-Pair Separation fromJournal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Vibronic Trimer Design Enhancing Intramolecular Triplet-Exciton Hopping to Accelerate Triplet-Triplet Annihilation for Photon Upconversion.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- Interplay between Mixed and Pure Exciton States Controls Singlet Fission in Rubrene Single Crystals.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Automated Research Platform for Development of Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Photon Upconversion Systems.ACS central science · 2025Article
- Separating triplet exciton diffusion from triplet-triplet annihilation by the introduction of a mediator.Chemical science · 2025Article
- Probing the Design Rules for Optimizing Electron Spin Relaxation in Densely Packed Triplet Media for Quantum Applications.ACS materials letters · 2025Article
- Exploring the Versatile Uses of Triplet States: Working Principles, Limitations, and Recent Progress in Phosphorescence, TADF, and TTA.ACS applied optical materials · 2024Review
- The Interplay of Strongly and Weakly Exchange-Coupled Triplet Pairs in Intramolecular Singlet Fission.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2024Article
- Triplet-Triplet Annihilation-Based Photon Upconversion with a Macrocyclic Parallel Dimer.Precision chemistry · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) has great potential to significantly improve the light harvesting capabilities of photovoltaic cells and is also sought after for biomedical applications. Many factors combine to influence the overall efficiency of TTA-UC, the most fundamental of which is the spin statistical factor, η, that gives the probability that a bright singlet state is formed from a pair of annihilating triplet states. The value of η is also critical in determining the contribution of TTA to the overall efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes. Using solid rubrene as a model system, we reiterate why experimentally measured magnetic field effects prove that annihilating triplets first form weakly exchange-coupled triplet-pair states. This is contrary to conventional discussions of TTA-UC that implicitly assume strong exchange coupling, and we show that it has profound implications for the spin statistical factor η. For example, variations in intermolecular orientation tune η from to through spin mixing of the triplet-pair wave functions. Because the fate of spin-1 triplet-pair states is particularly crucial in determining η, we investigate it in rubrene using pump-push-probe spectroscopy and find additional evidence for the recently reported high-level reverse intersystem crossing channel. We incorporate all of these factors into an updated model framework with which to understand the spin statistics of TTA-UC and use it to rationalize the differences in reported values of η among different common annihilator systems. We suggest that harnessing high-level reverse intersystem crossing channels in new annihilator molecules may be a highly promising strategy to exceed any spin statistical limit.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.