Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34973474›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology2022

Comparative performance of WANTAI ELISA for total immunoglobulin to receptor binding protein and an ELISA for IgG to spike protein in detecting SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Kenyan populations.

James Nyagwange, Bernadette Kutima, Kennedy Mwai, Henry K Karanja, John N Gitonga, Daisy Mugo, Sophie Uyoga, James Tuju, Lynette I Ochola-Oyier, Francis Ndungu and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Rethinking the evidence on COVID-19 in Africa.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

James NyagwangeKEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya. Electronic address: jnyagwange@kemri-wellcome.org.
Bernadette KutimaKEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
Kennedy MwaiKEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 27 St Andrews Road, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Henry K KaranjaKEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
John N GitongaKEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
Daisy MugoKEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
Sophie UyogaKEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
James TujuKEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
Lynette I Ochola-OyierKEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
Francis NdunguKEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
Philip BejonKEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya; Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, OX3 7BN, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Ambrose AgweyuKEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya.
Ifedayo M O AdetifaKEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya; Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, WC1E 7HT, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom.
J Anthony G ScottKEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya; Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, WC1E 7HT, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom.
George M WarimweKEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, PO Box 230, Kilifi, Kenya; Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, OX3 7BN, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/S005293/1Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Many SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection assays have been developed but their differential performance is not well described. In this study we compared an in-house (KWTRP) ELISA which has been used extensively to estimate seroprevalence in the Kenyan population with WANTAI, an ELISA which has been approved for widespread use by the WHO. Using a wide variety of sample sets including pre-pandemic samples (negative gold standard), SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive samples (positive gold standard) and COVID-19 test samples from different periods (unknowns), we compared performance characteristics of the two assays. The overall concordance between WANTAI and KWTRP was 0.97 (95% CI, 0.95-0.98). For WANTAI and KWTRP, sensitivity was 0.95 (95% CI 0.90-0.98) and 0.93 (95% CI 0.87-0.96), respectively. Specificity for WANTAI was 0.98 (95% CI, 0.96-0.99) and 0.99 (95% CI 0.96-1.00) while KWTRP specificity was 0.99 (95% CI, 0.98-1.00) and 1.00 using pre-pandemic blood donors and pre-pandemic malaria cross-sectional survey samples respectively. Both assays show excellent characteristics to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.

Indexed as

COVID-19Spike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusAntibodies, ViralCross-Sectional StudiesEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayHumansImmunoglobulin GKenyaSARS-CoV-2Sensitivity and SpecificitySeroepidemiologic StudiesAntibodies, ViralImmunoglobulin GSpike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusIgGImmunoassaySARS-CoV-2SerologyTotal immunoglobulin

Identifiers

PMID34973474
PMCPMC8711170

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.