Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34971848›Full record

ArticleApplied ergonomics2022

The effect of sound environment on spatial knowledge acquisition in a virtual outpatient polyclinic.

Donya Dalirnaghadeh, Semiha Yilmazer

Abstract readVideo-Audio Media
In one paragraph

Article in Applied ergonomics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Presentation time shapes perceived room size in visual and auditory modalities.Cognitive research: principles and implications · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Donya DalirnaghadehBilkent University, Faculty of Art, Design and Architecture, Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design, Bilkent, Ankara, 06800, Turkey. Electronic address: ddalirnaghadeh@bilkent.edu.tr.
Semiha YilmazerBilkent University, Faculty of Art, Design and Architecture, Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design, Bilkent, Ankara, 06800, Turkey. Electronic address: semiha@bilkent.edu.tr.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study examines the impact of the sound environment on spatial knowledge acquisition in a virtual outpatient polyclinic. Outpatient polyclinics have a salient role in determining early outpatient treatments of COVID-19 to prevent hospitalization or death and reduce the burden on hospitals. However, they have not been widely investigated in the literature. The studies on spatial knowledge have identified environmental elements mainly related to vision with no focus on sound. Currently, there is limited research on the effect of sound environment on spatial knowledge acquisition in virtual outpatient polyclinics. In this study, a virtual simulated outpatient polyclinic has been created with varying levels of visual and audio cues. Eighty participants were assigned to one of the four groups: a control (no visual signage), a visual (visual signage), an only audio (no landmarks and no visual signage), and an audio-visual group. The virtual environment was presented as a video walkthrough with passive exploration to test spatial knowledge acquisition with tasks based on the landmark-route-survey model. The results showed that a combination of visual signage and sound environment resulted in higher spatial knowledge acquisition. No significant difference was found between the performance of the visual group and the control group that shows that signage alone cannot aid spatial knowledge in virtual outpatient polyclinics. Data from the only audio group suggests that landmarks associated with sound can compensate for the lack of visual landmarks that may help design a wayfinding system for users with visual disabilities.

Indexed as

COVID-19OutpatientsHumansSARS-CoV-2Space PerceptionSpatial BehaviorLandmark-route-survey modelOutpatient polyclinicsSound environmentSpatial knowledgeVirtual environments

Identifiers

PMID34971848
PMCPMC9747064

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.