Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34971611›Full record

ArticleContraception2022

Time from first clinical contact to abortion in Texas and California.

Madeline Adams, Gennifer Kully, Sarah Tilford, Kari White, Sheila Mody, Marisa Hildebrand, Nicole Johns, Daniel Grossman, Sarah Averbach

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Contraception, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Madeline AdamsDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States.
Gennifer KullyDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States; Center on Gender Equity and Health, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States.
Sarah TilfordDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States.
Kari WhiteTexas Policy Evaluation Project, Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States; Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.
Sheila ModyDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States.
Marisa HildebrandDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States.
Nicole JohnsCenter on Gender Equity and Health, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States.
Daniel GrossmanTexas Policy Evaluation Project, Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States; Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health, Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, Oakland, CA, United States.
Sarah AverbachDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States; Center on Gender Equity and Health, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States. Electronic address: saverbach@health.ucsd.edu.

Funding

UC San Diego Womens Reproductive Health Research ProgramK12HD001259 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI CYNTHIA GYAMFI-BANNERMAN · 1999 to 2026
$9.1M
Population Research CenterR24HD042849 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AUSTIN · PI UMBERSON, DEBRA J. · 2002 to 2016
$8.4M
Scientific & Technical CoreP2CHD042849 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · PI MARK D. HAYWARD · 2017 to 2026
$5.2M
NICHD NIH HHS K12 HD001259NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD042849NICHD NIH HHS R24 HD042849
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo assess whether having an abortion in Texas, a U.S. state with many restrictive abortion laws, is associated with increased time between contacting an abortion provider and receiving an abortion, compared to having an abortion in California, a less restrictive U.S. state. STUDY

designThis is a multisite, cross-sectional survey of 434 patients in 12 abortion facilities (ambulatory surgical centers and clinics) in Texas (n = 291) and three abortion clinics in California (n = 143) from 2018 to 2019. At 11 facilities in Texas the response rate was 76%. The response rate was not collected at other sites. We compare the clinical-contact-to-abortion time interval between the facilities in these two states using mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for age, race, education, household income, parity, marital status, and insurance status. We also compare barriers to scheduling and traveling to abortion appointments.

resultsMedian clinical-contact-to-abortion time is similar among respondents in Texas and California [(9 vs 8 days, p = 0.86). The odds of having a clinical-contact-to-abortion time ≥7 days is similar among respondents in Texas compared to California (adjusted odds ratio 1.0 (95% confidence interval, 0.4-2.6, p = 0.98). Respondents in Texas travel farther for their abortion (mean 22.1 vs 13.5 miles, p < 0.01), are more likely to sell something of value or delay paying another expense to pay for their abortion (49.7% vs 11.4%, p < 0.01), and to miss work to attend their abortion (73.9% vs 61.3%, p = 0.03).

conclusionsIn this study, we found no difference in clinical-contact-to-abortion time between respondents in Texas and those in California. Respondents in Texas, however, face other significant barriers in obtaining abortion care, which result in life disruptions and financial hardship. IMPLICATIONS: Patients face greater financial barriers when seeking abortion in Texas compared to California. Though we found no significant difference in clinical-contact-to-abortion time in this sample between the two states, clinical-contact-to-abortion time may be a useful measure of facility congestion and the obstacles patients face obtaining abortion care.

Indexed as

Abortion, InducedHealth Services AccessibilityAmbulatory Care FacilitiesCaliforniaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansPregnancyTexasAbortionAbortion legislationAccessBarriersTime to care

Identifiers

PMID34971611
PMCPMC9086143

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.