ArticlePloS one2021
Uptake and toxicity of polystyrene micro/nanoplastics in gastric cells: Effects of particle size and surface functionalization.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exposure to Polystyrene Nanoplastics Induces Ferroptosis-Associated Cardiac Injury: Cell-Based Evidence for Lysosome-Associated NLRX1 Loss and an NLRX1-STING-NCOA4 Response.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Article
- Fluorescent Labeling Strategies for Tracking Micro- and Nanoplastics in Biological Systems.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Emerging evidence on micro- and nanoplastics carcinogenicity: mechanisms, models, and signaling networks.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Neurophysiological and Behavioral Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastics in Aquatic Organisms.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Tiny plastic, big trouble: how polystyrene nanoparticles impact DNA-damage repair deficient cervical cancer cells.Soft matter · 2026Article
- Coexposure of Micro and Nano-Plastics with Pesticides: Cytotoxicity and Bioaccumulation Effects on a Fish Intestinal Cell Line.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Organ-specific apoptotic pathways induced by micro- and nanoplastics: a systematic review ofFrontiers in toxicology · 2026Review
- Polystyrene-associated pulmonary fibrosis: a summary based on the available evidence and prospects.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Transcriptomic and functional profiling of endothelial dysfunction induced by polystyrene nanoplastics.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- Polystyrene Nanoplastics in Human Gastrointestinal Models-Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Toxicity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Polystyrene microplastics are internalized by human gingival fibroblasts, enhance cell motility and induce molecular changes revealed through proteomic analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Toxicity and absorption of polystyrene micro-nanoplastics in healthy and Crohn's disease human duodenum-chip models.Journal of hazardous materials · 2025Article
- Assessing the Impact of Nanoplastics in Biological Systems: Systematic Review of In Vitro Animal Studies.Journal of xenobiotics · 2025Review
- Nanoplastics Elicit Stage-Specific Physiological, Biochemical, and Gut Microbiome Responses in a Freshwater Mussel.Toxics · 2025Article
- Nanoplastics: Immune Impact, Detection, and Internalization after Human Blood Exposure by Single-Cell Mass Cytometry.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Exposure of Polystyrene Nano- and Microplastics in Increasingly Complex In Vitro Intestinal Cell Models.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Size- and polymer-dependent toxicity of amorphous environmentally relevant micro- and nanoplastics in human bronchial epithelial cells.Microplastics and nanoplastics · 2025Article
- Impact of Short-Term Exposure to Non-Functionalized Polystyrene Nanoparticles on DNA Methylation and Gene Expression in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Evaluation of size-dependent uptake, transport and cytotoxicity of polystyrene microplastic in a blood-brain barrier (BBB) model.Nano convergence · 2024Article
- Addressing the relevance of polystyrene nano- and microplastic particles used to support exposure, toxicity and risk assessment: implications and recommendations.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Toxicity of micro or nanoplastics (MP/NP) in aquatic life is well-documented, however, information about the consequences of exposure to these particles in terrestrial species is scarce. This study was used to evaluate the uptake and/or toxicity of polystyrene MP/NP in human gastric cells, comparing doses, particle sizes (50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 or 5000 nm) and surface functionalization (aminated, carboxylated or non-functionalized). In general, the uptake of 50 nm particles was significantly higher than 1000 nm particles. Among the 50 nm particles, the aminated particles were more avidly taken up by the cells and were cytotoxic at a lower concentration (≥ 7.5 μg/mL) compared to same sized carboxylated or non-functionalized particles (≥ 50 μg/mL). High toxicity of 50 nm aminated particles corresponded well with significantly high rates of apoptosis-necrosis induced by these particles in 4 h (29.2% of total cells) compared to all other particles (≤ 16.8%). The trend of apoptosis-necrosis induction by aminated particles in 4 h was 50 > 5000 > 1000 > 500 > 200 > 100 nm. The 50 nm carboxylated or non-functionalized particles also induced higher levels of apoptosis-necrosis in the cells compared to 100, 1000 and 5000 nm particles with same surface functionalization but longer exposure (24 h) to 50 nm carboxylated or non-functionalized particles significantly (p<0.0001) increased apoptosis-necrosis in the cells. The study demonstrated that the toxicity of MP/NP to gastric cells was dependent on particle size, dose surface functionalization and exposure period.
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