ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2022
Incident Diabetes Risk Is Not Increased in Transgender Individuals Using Hormone Therapy.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Distinct Antiandrogen Exposures on the Plasma Metabolome in Feminizing Gender-affirming Hormone Therapy.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Trial
- Insulin Sensitivity and Associated Plasma Proteomics During Sex Hormone Therapy.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Observational
- Heart rate variability in transgender people receiving Gender-Affirming hormone therapy.Endocrine · 2026Article
- Sex‑specific cardiovascular risk in estrogen‑treated androgen‑deprived males: metabolic characterization of glucose, adipose, and lipid pathways.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- One-year changes in body composition and phase angle during feminizing gender-affirming hormone therapy: a longitudinal and comparative study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Cardiometabolic Risk Assessment in Transgender Individuals-Differential Effect of Sex Hormones and Sex Chromosomes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Mental and Physical Health Among Danish Transgender Persons Compared With Cisgender Persons.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Association Between Gender-affirming Hormone Therapy and Measures of Glucose Metabolism: A Longitudinal Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Transgender healthcare: metabolic outcomes and cardiovascular risk.Diabetologia · 2024Review
- Adipokine secretion and lipolysis following gender-affirming treatment in transgender individuals.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Observational
- Insulin sensitivity, body composition and bone mineral density after testosterone treatment in transgender youth with and without prior GnRH agonist therapy.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2024Article
- Predictors of Unplanned Reoperation after Gender-affirming Mastectomy: An Analysis of the NSQIP Database.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2024Article
- Review
- Impact of biological sex and sex hormones on molecular signatures of skeletal muscle at rest and in response to distinct exercise training modes.Cell metabolism · 2023Article
- Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Transgender People after Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Prevalence of cancer risk factors among transgender and gender diverse individuals: a cross-sectional analysis using UK primary care data.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2023Article
- Glucose Homeostasis, Diabetes Mellitus, and Gender-Affirming Treatment.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Gender-affirming hormone therapy, mental health, and surgical considerations for aging transgender and gender diverse adults.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Review
- Implications of gender-affirming endocrine care for sports participation.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Review
- Effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy on cardiovascular risk factors focusing on glucose metabolism in an Austrian transgender cohort.International journal of transgender health · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextIn trans women receiving hormone therapy, body fat and insulin resistance increases, with opposite effects in trans men. These metabolic alterations may affect the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in trans women and trans men. CONTEXT: We aimed to compare the incidence of type 2 diabetes of adult trans women and trans men during hormone therapy with rates from their birth-assigned sex in the general population.
methodsRetrospective data from the Amsterdam Cohort of Gender Dysphoria with transgender individuals on hormone therapy between 1972 and 2018 were linked to a nationwide health data registry. Because no central registry of diabetes is available, the occurrence of diabetes was inferred from the first dispense of a glucose-lowering agent. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were computed for trans women and trans men in comparison with the same birth sex from the general population.
resultsCompared with their birth-assigned sex in the general population, no difference in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was observed in trans women (N = 2585, 90 cases; SIR 0.94; 95% CI, 0.76-1.14) or trans men (N = 1514, 32 cases; SIR 1.40; 95% CI, 0.96-1.92).
conclusionDespite studies reporting an increase in insulin resistance in feminizing hormone therapy and a decrease in insulin resistance in masculinizing hormone therapy, the incidence of diabetes in transgender individuals after initiation of hormone therapy was not different compared with the general population.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.